A nurse is conducting a functional status assessment for an older adult client using the Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADLs) Scale. The nurse asks the client about his ability to use transportation.

Which of the following questions is appropriate for this domain?

You can do any of the above options, depending on your preference and medical condition.

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is the inability to get and maintain an erection for sexual activity.

It can be caused by physical or psychological factors, or both.

ED can affect your self-esteem, stress level and relationship quality.

There are different treatment options for ED, and they work in different ways.

Some of the most common ones are:.

• Oral medicationssuch as sildenafil (Viagra), tadalafil (Cialis), vardenafil (Levitra) or avanafil (Stendra).

These drugs enhance the effects of nitric oxide, a chemical that relaxes the muscles in the penis and increases blood flow.

You need to take them before sexual activity, and they only work if you are sexually stimulated.

They are not safe for everyone, especially if you have heart problems, low blood pressure, liver disease or certain eye conditions.They can also cause side effects such as headache, flushing, nasal congestion or indigestion.

• Penile self-injectionssuch as alprostadil (Caverject, Edex) or papaverine (OraVerse).

These are shots of medicine that you inject into the base or side of your penis with a fine needle.

They cause an erection by dilating the blood vessels in the penis.

The erection lasts about 20 to 30 minutes, and you need to use them only when needed.They can cause side effects such as bleeding, pain, priapism (a prolonged and painful erection) or fibrous tissue formation.

• Alprostadil urethral suppository(Muse).

This is a tiny pellet of medicine that you insert into your urethra (the tube that carries urine out of the body) with a special device.

It works by expanding the blood vessels in the penis and causing an erection.

The erection lasts about 30 to 60 minutes, and you need to use it only when needed.It can cause side effects such as burning, pain, bleeding or infection.

• Vacuum erection device(VED).

This is a plastic tube that you place over your penis and pump out the air to create a vacuum.

This draws blood into the penis and causes an erection.

You then slide a rubber ring around the base of your penis to keep the blood in place.

The erection lasts as long as the ring is on, up to 30 minutes.

You need to use it only when needed.It can cause side effects such as bruising, numbness, pain or difficulty ejaculating.

• Penile implant surgery.

This is a procedure where inflatable or bendable devices are surgically placed on both sides of your penis.

You can control when and how long you have an erection by inflating or deflating the devices with a pump or a switch.This is a permanent solution for ED, but it requires surgery and has risks of infection, mechanical failure or erosion.

Other treatment options for ED include hormone therapy, psychotherapy, lifestyle changes and natural remedies.

However, these may not be as effective or safe as the ones mentioned above.

The best treatment option for you depends on your personal preference, medical condition, cost and availability.

You should talk to your doctor about the benefits and risks of each option and choose the one that suits you best.

The correct answer is D.

Delirium.

The nurse should monitor the client for delirium, which is a state of acute mental confusion that can be caused by fever, infection, dehydration, or medications.

Delirium can affect the client’s cognition, attention, orientation, memory, and behavior.It can also increase the risk of falls, complications, and mortality.

Choice A is wrong because dehydration is not a complication of fever, but rather a possible cause of fever.

Dehydration occurs when the body loses more fluid than it takes in, and it can impair the body’s ability to regulate its temperature.Dehydration is more common and dangerous in older adults because they have a lower volume of water in their bodies, a weaker thirst response, and may have conditions or medications that increase fluid loss.

Choice B is wrong because hypothermia is not a complication of fever, but rather a condition of abnormally low body temperature.

Hypothermia can occur when the body loses heat faster than it can produce it, such as in cold weather or water exposure.Hypothermia can affect the brain, heart, and other organs, and can lead to death if not treated promptly.

Choice C is wrong because seizures are not a common complication of fever in older adults.

Seizures are sudden episodes of abnormal electrical activity in the brain that can cause changes in movement, sensation, behavior, or consciousness.

Seizures can have various causes, such as head injury, stroke, infection, or epilepsy.

Fever-induced seizures are more likely to occur in young children than in older adults.