A nurse is completing discharge teaching with a client who has a new diagnosis of AIDS. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

"I will increase the amount of fresh fruits and vegetables I consume."

"I will be sure to wear gloves and wash my hands when I change my cat's litter box."

"I will need to take my clothes to the dry cleaners to sterilize them."

"I will wipe up areas soiled with body fluids with alcohol and immediately dispose of the trash."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason : While eating fresh fruits and vegetables is generally healthy, it does not specifically indicate an understanding of AIDS-related teaching. Some fruits and vegetables need to be carefully handled to avoid potential infections.

Choice B reason : Wearing gloves and washing hands after changing a cat's litter box is correct as it helps prevent the transmission of infections, such as toxoplasmosis, which can be particularly harmful to individuals with AIDS.

Choice C reason : Taking clothes to the dry cleaners for sterilization is unnecessary and does not reflect an understanding of AIDS-related precautions.

Choice D reason : Wiping up areas soiled with body fluids with alcohol and disposing of the trash is a good practice for infection control, but it is not as directly related to the client's understanding of AIDS-specific precautions as choice b.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Aspirating the catheter to check for a brisk blood return is not typically recommended as a routine action when replacing the dressing of a PICC line used for TPN. This action is performed to verify patency and placement of the catheter, but it is not directly related to the dressing change procedure.

Choice B reason: Using sterile technique for the procedure is essential when replacing the dressing of a PICC line. Maintaining sterility is crucial to prevent infection, as the PICC line provides direct access to the central venous system. The nurse should use sterile gloves and follow aseptic protocols to minimize the risk of introducing pathogens at the catheter insertion site.

Choice C reason: Cleansing the insertion site with hydrogen peroxide is not recommended for PICC line care. Hydrogen peroxide can be damaging to the tissue and may delay healing. Instead, a chlorhexidine-based antiseptic is typically used to clean the skin around the insertion site during dressing changes to reduce microbial flora and prevent infection.

Choice D reason: Flushing the TPN port with 20 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride is a practice used to maintain catheter patency, but it is not part of the dressing change procedure. Flushing is usually done before and after administering medication or nutrition, not specifically during a dressing change.

A. Hypotension B. Increased temperature C. Lethargy D. Decreased heart rate

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: Hypotension, or low blood pressure, is not typically associated with thyroid storm. Thyroid storm is a life-threatening condition that often presents with hypertensive crisis due to the excessive amount of thyroid hormones accelerating the body's metabolism.

Choice B reason: Increased temperature is a hallmark sign of thyroid storm. Patients experiencing a thyroid storm can have a high fever, with temperatures ranging from 104°F to 106°F. This is due to the hypermetabolic state induced by excessive thyroid hormones, which increases the body's heat production.

Choice C reason: Lethargy is not a common symptom of thyroid storm. Instead, patients may experience agitation, irritability, and anxiety due to the overstimulation of the nervous system by excessive thyroid hormones. Lethargy might be observed in hypothyroidism, which is the opposite condition.

Choice D reason: A decreased heart rate is not characteristic of thyroid storm. On the contrary, tachycardia, or a rapid heart rate, is a common symptom. The heart rate can exceed 140 beats per minute as the body's demand for oxygen increases due to the hypermetabolic state.

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A nurse is completing discharge teaching with a client who has a new diagnosis of AIDS. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

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Explanation

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