A nurse in a clinic is assessing a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. The client is diaphoretic, has a heart rate of 92/min, and reports palpitations. The client states, "I went for my morning run and feel exhausted." Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

"Were you careful to not have carbohydrates after the run?"

"It is normal to feel this way after a morning run."

"It becomes easier when exercise is a routine."

"Did you decrease your insulin intake before you exercised?"

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Advising the client to avoid carbohydrates after exercise is not appropriate. Carbohydrates are necessary to replenish glycogen stores after exercise, and individuals with diabetes need to monitor their blood sugar levels to manage carbohydrate intake accordingly.

Choice B reason: Saying it is normal to feel exhausted after a morning run does not address the client's symptoms of diaphoresis, increased heart rate, and palpitations, which could be signs of hypoglycemia, a common risk for individuals with type 1 diabetes after exercise.

Choice C reason: While it's true that exercise can become easier with routine, this statement does not address the client's immediate concerns about their symptoms following exercise.

Choice D reason: Asking if the client decreased their insulin intake before exercising is an appropriate response. Individuals with type 1 diabetes need to adjust their insulin dosage to account for physical activity, which can significantly lower blood glucose levels.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason : Displaying a monthly calendar can help orient a client with Alzheimer's disease to the date and assist with maintaining a sense of time, which can be beneficial in managing cognitive impairment.

Choice B reason: Providing plenty of stimulation can be overwhelming for clients with Alzheimer's disease. A calm and predictable environment is usually more beneficial.

Choice C reason: Keeping the room dark at night can promote sleep, but it is not the only consideration. A nightlight or low-level lighting can prevent falls if the client needs to get up during the night.

Choice D reason: Providing structured activities can help fill the client's time and provide a sense of purpose, but it should be tailored to the individual's abilities and preferences.

A. Gurgling bowel sounds every 10 seconds B. Centrally located umbilical protrusion C. Abdominal distention during breathing D. Rebound tenderness with palpation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Gurgling bowel sounds every 10 seconds are considered normal, as normoactive bowel sounds range from 5 to 30 sounds per minute. This finding indicates regular gastrointestinal activity and is not typically a cause for concern.

Choice B reason: A centrally located umbilical protrusion can be a normal finding, especially if it has been present since birth and is not associated with any other symptoms. However, if new or associated with pain or other symptoms, it could indicate a hernia or other pathology.

Choice C reason: Abdominal distention during breathing can be a normal finding, as the abdomen may distend slightly during deep breathing due to the movement of the diaphragm. However, if the distention is pronounced or associated with other symptoms, it may warrant further investigation.

Choice D reason: Rebound tenderness with palpation is a sign of peritoneal irritation and can be an indication of conditions such as appendicitis, which is a surgical emergency. This finding should be considered a priority as it may require immediate intervention.

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A nurse in a clinic is assessing a client who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. The client is diaphoretic, has a heart rate of 92/min, and reports palpitations. The client states, "I went for my morning run and feel exhausted." Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

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