A nurse is completing a physical assessment of a client who has early osteoarthritis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?
Ulnar deviation
Symmetric joints affected
Pain worsens with activity
Weight loss
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A reason: Ulnar Deviation
Ulnar deviation, or the bending of the fingers towards the ulna (the outer bone of the forearm), is more commonly associated with rheumatoid arthritis rather than osteoarthritis. Rheumatoid arthritis typically affects the joints symmetrically and can lead to deformities such as ulnar deviation due to chronic inflammation.
Choice B reason: Symmetric Joints Affected
Symmetric joint involvement is characteristic of rheumatoid arthritis, not osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis usually affects joints asymmetrically, meaning it can affect one joint more than the other. It commonly affects weight-bearing joints such as the knees, hips, and spine.
Choice C reason: Pain Worsens with Activity
Pain that worsens with activity is a hallmark symptom of osteoarthritis. This condition is caused by the breakdown of cartilage in the joints, leading to pain and stiffness, especially after physical activity. The pain typically improves with rest but can become more persistent as the disease progresses.
Choice D reason: Weight Loss
Weight loss is not a typical manifestation of osteoarthritis. In fact, being overweight or obese is a risk factor for developing osteoarthritis, particularly in weight-bearing joints. Weight management is often recommended to help reduce the stress on affected joints and alleviate symptoms.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Induce Sedation
Pancuronium is not used to induce sedation. It is a neuromuscular blocking agent (NMBA) that causes paralysis of skeletal muscles. Sedation is typically achieved using medications such as benzodiazepines or propofol, which act on the central nervous system to produce a calming effect.
Choice B reason: Suppress Respiratory Effort
Pancuronium is used to suppress respiratory effort in patients with ARDS who require mechanical ventilation. By causing muscle paralysis, pancuronium helps to synchronize the patient’s breathing with the ventilator, reducing the risk of ventilator-induced lung injury and improving oxygenation. This is particularly important in severe cases of ARDS where patient-ventilator dyssynchrony can be detrimental.
Choice C reason: Decrease Chest Wall Compliance
Decreasing chest wall compliance is not a purpose of pancuronium. In fact, pancuronium does not directly affect chest wall compliance. Instead, it works by blocking the transmission of nerve impulses to the muscles, leading to muscle relaxation and paralysis.
Choice D reason: Decrease Respiratory Secretions
Pancuronium does not decrease respiratory secretions. Medications such as anticholinergics (e.g., atropine) are used to reduce secretions. Pancuronium’s primary role is to facilitate mechanical ventilation by ensuring complete muscle relaxation.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Advising that the largest meal of the day should be in the evening is not typically recommended for clients with a colostomy. It is generally better to have smaller, more frequent meals throughout the day to aid digestion and reduce the risk of discomfort.
Choice B reason:
Eating yogurt can indeed help decrease the amount of gas. Yogurt contains probiotics, which can aid in digestion and reduce gas production. This is a beneficial dietary choice for clients with a colostomy.
Choice C reason:
Carbonated beverages are not recommended for controlling odor. In fact, they can increase gas production and lead to bloating, which can be uncomfortable for clients with a colostomy.
Choice D reason:
There is no need to eliminate pasta from the diet to prevent loose stools. Instead, clients should focus on a balanced diet that includes low-fiber foods initially and gradually reintroduce other foods while monitoring their effects.
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