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A nurse is collecting data from a client who has diabetic ketoacidosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

A.

Fruity breath odor

B.

Clammy skin

C.

Bounding pulse

D.

Elevated blood pressure

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

The correct answer is A. Fruity breath odor. This is caused by the presence of acetone, a byproduct of fat metabolism, in the breath. Diabetic ketoacidosis is a condition where the body cannot use glucose as a fuel source due to insulin deficiency or resistance, and resorts to breaking down fat for energy, resulting in ketone production and acidosis. Clammy skin, bounding pulse and elevated blood pressure are signs of a hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS), another complication of diabetes that is characterized by severe dehydration and hyperglycemia without significant ketosis or acidosis.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The correct answer is choice b. Performing indwelling urinary catheter care.

Choice A rationale:

Changing the appliance on a new colostomy is a complex task that requires assessment and education, which should be performed by a registered nurse (RN) or a licensed practical nurse (LPN).

Choice B rationale:

Performing indwelling urinary catheter care is a routine task that can be delegated to an assistive personnel (AP) as it involves basic hygiene and maintenance.

Choice C rationale:

Demonstrating how to use an incentive spirometer involves patient education and assessment of the patient’s technique, which should be done by an RN or LPN.

Choice D rationale:

Measuring the depth of a stage 3 pressure injury requires assessment skills and clinical judgment, which are beyond the scope of practice for an AP. This task should be performed by an RN or LPN.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The correct answer is choice D. Document the client’s condition after every 15 minutes.

Choice A rationale:

Requesting a PRN restraint prescription for clients who are aggressive is not appropriate because restraints should only be used as a last resort and not on a PRN basis. Restraints should be used only when necessary to ensure the safety of the patient and others, and always with a specific, time-limited order.

Choice B rationale:

Removing the client’s restraint every 4 hours is not frequent enough. Restraints should be removed more frequently to assess the patient’s condition, provide care, and ensure that the restraint is still necessary.

Choice C rationale:

Attaching the restraint to the bed’s side rails is unsafe. Restraints should be attached to a part of the bed frame that moves with the patient to prevent injury.

Choice D rationale:

Documenting the client’s condition every 15 minutes is the correct guideline. Frequent documentation ensures that the patient’s condition is continuously monitored, and any changes can be addressed promptly to ensure safety and well-being.

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