A nurse is collecting data from a client who has diabetes mellitus.
The client is confused, flushed, and has an acetone odor on their breath.
The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following types of insulin to treat the client.
Regular insulin.
NPH insulin.
Lispro insulin.
Glargine insulin.
The Correct Answer is A
The client’s symptoms of confusion, flushed appearance, and acetone odor on their breath suggest that they may be experiencing diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a serious complication of diabetes that occurs when the body produces high levels of ketones.
Treatment for DKA typically involves administering intravenous fluids and insulin to lower blood sugar levels and suppress ketone production 1.
Regular insulin is a fast-acting insulin that can be given intravenously to quickly lower blood sugar levels 1.
Choice B is incorrect because NPH insulin is an intermediate-acting insulin that takes longer to start working and would not be appropriate for treating DKA.
Choice C is incorrect because lispro insulin is a rapid-acting insulin but it is not typically given intravenously.
Choice D is incorrect because glargine insulin is a long-acting insulin that takes several hours to start working and would not be appropriate for treating DKA.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The nurse should instruct the client to cleanse the skin before applying a nitroglycerin transdermal patch 1.
This is because it is important to apply the patch to a clean, dry skin area with little or no hair that is free of scars, cuts, or irritation 1.
Choice A is incorrect because it is not recommended to use an old patch with medication residue.
Instead, always remove a previous patch before applying a new one 1.
Choice B is incorrect because a nitroglycerin patch should not be kept in place for 72 hours before replacing.
Instead, it should be worn for 12 to 14 hours and then removed 2.
Choice C is incorrect because the patch should not be applied to a hairy area of the skin for better adherence.
Instead, it should be applied to an area with little or no hair 1.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
“Tachycardia.” Theophylline can cause a number of side effects, including tachycardia (fast heart rate) 1.
The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for this adverse effect and report it to their healthcare provider if it occurs.
Choice A is not correct because drowsiness is not a common side effect of theophylline.
Choice B is not correct because constipation is not a common side effect of theophylline.
Choice D is not correct because tachycardia is a known adverse effect of theophylline.
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