A nurse is collecting data from a client who has diabetes mellitus.
The client is confused, flushed, and has an acetone odor on their breath.
The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following types of insulin to treat the client.
Regular insulin.
NPH insulin.
Lispro insulin.
Glargine insulin.
The Correct Answer is A
The client’s symptoms of confusion, flushed appearance, and acetone odor on their breath suggest that they may be experiencing diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), a serious complication of diabetes that occurs when the body produces high levels of ketones.
Treatment for DKA typically involves administering intravenous fluids and insulin to lower blood sugar levels and suppress ketone production 1.
Regular insulin is a fast-acting insulin that can be given intravenously to quickly lower blood sugar levels 1.
Choice B is incorrect because NPH insulin is an intermediate-acting insulin that takes longer to start working and would not be appropriate for treating DKA.
Choice C is incorrect because lispro insulin is a rapid-acting insulin but it is not typically given intravenously.
Choice D is incorrect because glargine insulin is a long-acting insulin that takes several hours to start working and would not be appropriate for treating DKA.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
NPH insulin is an intermediate-acting insulin that usually starts to work about 1 to 3 hours after injection and peaks 4 to 12 hours later12.
Peak time is when insulin has its strongest effect on lowering blood glucose1.
Choice A: 30 minutes to 3 hours is not the answer because NPH insulin usually starts to work about 1 to 3 hours after injection and peaks 4 to 12 hours later12.
Choice B: 2 to 6 hours is not the answer because NPH insulin usually starts to work about 1 to 3 hours after injection and peaks 4 to 12 hours later12.
Choice C: 4 to 5 hours is not the answer because NPH insulin usually starts to work about 1 to 3 hours after injection and peaks 4 to 12 hours later12.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Heparin is an anticoagulant that is used to decrease the clotting ability of the blood and help prevent harmful clots from forming in blood vessels 1.
However, heparin will not dissolve blood clots that have already formed, but it may prevent the clots from becoming larger and causing more serious problems 12.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because heparin does not dissolve existing clots. Instead, it works to prevent new clots from forming 12.
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