A nurse is collecting data about immunizations from a 65-year-old client who has no identified risk factors for disease. The nurse should identify the client's need for which of the following immunizations?

The correct answer is choice a. Limit fluid intake during meals.

Choice A rationale:

Limiting fluid intake during meals can help prevent the stomach from becoming too full, which can make breathing more difficult for someone with COPD.

Choice B rationale:

Eliminating dairy products is not typically recommended for COPD patients unless they have a specific intolerance or allergy. Dairy does not generally affect COPD symptoms.

Choice C rationale:

Consuming three regular meals daily might be challenging for COPD patients who often have reduced appetite and may benefit more from smaller, frequent meals.

Choice D rationale:

Eating lighter, low-calorie foods first is not advisable for COPD patients who need nutrient-dense foods to maintain their energy levels and overall health.

The correct answer is choice B, a client who had abdominal surgery 2 days ago and the incision line is separating. This client requires immediate attention as a separating incision can indicate wound dehiscence or evisceration, which are surgical emergencies. Choice A is incorrect because although C. difficile is a serious infection, liquid stools are a common symptom and do not require immediate attention. Choice C is incorrect because intermittent coughing up clear sputum is a normal finding for a client with a tracheostomy, and does not indicate a change in the client's condition. Choice D is incorrect because the client fell 12 hours ago and reports pain as 4 on a scale of 0 to 10, which indicates a low level of pain.

Choice A: A client who has Clostridium difficile and has liquid stools is incorrect because although C. difficile is a serious infection, liquid stools are a common symptom and do not require immediate attention.

Choice C: A client who has a chronic tracheostomy and is intermittently coughing up clear sputum is incorrect because intermittent coughing up clear sputum is a normal finding for a client with a tracheostomy, and does not indicate a change in the client's condition.

Choice D: A client who fell 12 hours ago and reports pain as 4 on a scale of 0 to 10 is incorrect because the level of pain is low and does not require immediate attention.