A nurse is caring for four clients who have drainage tubes. The nurse should identify the client who has which of the following tubes as being at risk for hypokalemia?

A nephrostomy tube to a drainage bag

An NG tube to suction

An indwelling urinary catheter to gravity drainage

A chest tube to water-seal drainage

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. A nephrostomy tube to a drainage bag:
A nephrostomy tube drains urine from the kidney to a drainage bag. While it's essential for urinary drainage, it doesn't lead to significant potassium loss, as potassium is primarily excreted through the urine.

B. An NG tube to suction:
An NG tube (Nasogastric tube) is inserted through the nose into the stomach. When connected to suction, it can remove stomach contents, including gastric acid and potassium. Excessive suctioning can lead to significant potassium loss, potentially causing hypokalemia.

C. An indwelling urinary catheter to gravity drainage:
An indwelling urinary catheter drains urine from the bladder into a drainage bag by gravity. While potassium can be found in urine, the drainage through a catheter does not cause significant potassium loss unless there are underlying kidney issues, which are not specified in this scenario.

D. A chest tube to water-seal drainage:
A chest tube removes air or fluid from the pleural space around the lungs. While chest tubes are vital for lung expansion, they don't result in significant potassium loss as they are not connected to body fluids rich in potassium, like gastric acid or urine.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Oatmeal: Oatmeal is often considered a bland and low-acid food that can be soothing for individuals with GERD. It's generally not a trigger for GERD symptoms and can be included in the diet of someone with this condition.

B. Non-fat milk: Non-fat milk and other low-fat dairy products are often recommended for individuals with GERD. However, individual tolerance varies, and some people might find that milk triggers their symptoms. It's best for the patient to monitor their own reactions to dairy products.

C. Chocolate: Chocolate is known to relax the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing stomach acid to flow back into the esophagus. For many people with GERD, chocolate can exacerbate symptoms and is typically advised to be avoided.

D. Apples: Apples are generally considered a safe and healthy food for individuals with GERD. However, some people may find that raw apples trigger their symptoms due to their natural acidity. Cooking or baking apples can often make them more tolerable for people with GERD.

A. Monitor the client for manifestations of fluid overload. B. Use alcohol hand sanitizer following client care. C. Disinfect equipment with bleach solution. D. Implement neutropenia isolation.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Monitor the client for manifestations of fluid overload: This action is not specifically related to C. difficile infection. Monitoring for fluid overload might be necessary in other situations, but it is not the appropriate action for this scenario.

B. Use alcohol hand sanitizer following client care: While alcohol-based hand sanitizers are effective against many pathogens, they are not effective against C. difficile spores. Washing hands with soap and water is necessary to remove the spores.

C. Disinfect equipment with bleach solution. This is the correct answer. Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) spores are resistant to many disinfectants, but they are killed by bleach. Therefore, equipment and surfaces should be cleaned with a bleach solution to prevent the spread of the infection.

D. Implement neutropenia isolation: Neutropenia isolation is a precautionary measure taken when a person has a low count of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell. This option is not directly related to C. difficile infection.

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A nurse is caring for four clients who have drainage tubes. The nurse should identify the client who has which of the following tubes as being at risk for hypokalemia?

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