A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has a terminal illness and is ventilator dependent. The client is alert and oriented and he wants to discontinue use of the ventilator. The nurse should be aware that continued treatment against the client’s wishes is a violation of which of the following ethical principles?

Justice

Veracity

Fidelity

Autonomy

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: Justice. This answer is incorrect because justice is the ethical principle that ensures fair and equal treatment for all clients, regardless of their personal or social characteristics. Justice does not apply to this situation, as the client is not being discriminated against or denied any resources.

Choice B reason: Veracity. This answer is incorrect because veracity is the ethical principle that requires honesty and truthfulness from the provider and the nurse in providing information and education to the client. Veracity does not apply to this situation, as the client is not being deceived or misled about their condition or treatment options.

Choice C reason: Fidelity. This answer is incorrect because fidelity is the ethical principle that obligates the provider and the nurse to be faithful and loyal to the client and to honor their commitments and promises. Fidelity does not apply to this situation, as the client is not being abandoned or betrayed by the provider or the nurse.

Choice D reason: Autonomy. This answer is correct because autonomy is the ethical principle that respects the client's right to make their own decisions about their health care, even if they are different from the provider's or the nurse's recommendations. Autonomy applies to this situation, as the client is expressing their preference to discontinue the ventilator, which is a life sustaining treatment.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: "I will be able to tell how much oxygen I'm getting by looking at the flowmeter." This statement is correct because the flowmeter shows the amount of oxygen delivered in liters per minute. The client should check the flowmeter regularly and adjust it according to the prescription.

Choice B reason: "I should call my doctor if I find it harder to concentrate." This statement is correct because difficulty concentrating can be a sign of low oxygen levels or carbon dioxide retention. The client should monitor their symptoms and report any changes to their doctor.

Choice C reason: "I will wear synthetic clothing and woolen socks when using my oxygen." This statement is incorrect because synthetic clothing and woolen socks can create static electricity and increase the risk of fire when using oxygen. The client should wear cotton clothing and avoid materials that can cause sparks.

Choice D reason: "I will make sure my visitors smoke outside." This statement is correct because smoking near oxygen can cause a fire or explosion. The client should keep oxygen away from open flames, smoking materials, and heat sources.

A. The client is unable to make vocal sounds. B. The client opens his eyes when spoken to. C. The client is unconscious. D. The client can follow simple motor commands.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason: The client is unable to make vocal sounds. This conclusion is not based on the GCS score of 5 for best verbal response, which indicates that the client is oriented and converses normally. The client may have other reasons for being unable to make vocal sounds, such as intubation or injury to the vocal cords.

Choice B reason: The client opens his eyes when spoken to. This conclusion is based on the GCS score of 3 for eye opening, which indicates that the client responds to verbal stimuli. This is the highest level of eye opening response on the GCS.

Choice C reason: The client is unconscious. This conclusion is not based on the GCS score of 13 (3+5+5), which indicates that the client has a mild level of impaired consciousness. The client is not unconscious, but may have reduced awareness or attention.

Choice D reason: The client can follow simple motor commands. This conclusion is not based on the GCS score of 5 for best motor response, which indicates that the client localizes pain. This means that the client moves their limbs away from a painful stimulus, but does not necessarily follow commands.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing discharge teaching for a client who requires home oxygen therapy. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client needs further teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is receiving a transfer report for a client who has a head injury. The client has a Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score of 3 for eye opening, 5 for best verbal response, and 5 for best motor response. Which of the following is an appropriate conclusion based on this data?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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