A nurse is caring for an infant who has inadequate motility of part of the intestine resulting in a mechanical obstruction. The nurse should identify this finding as a manifestation of which of the following disorders?

Pyloric stenosis

Enterocolitis

Encopresis

Hirschsprung's disease

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.Pyloric stenosis is a condition where there's narrowing of the opening between the stomach and the small intestine. It is not related to inadequate motility of the intestine.

B.Enterocolitis refers to inflammation of the small intestine and colon. While this can cause obstruction in some cases, it's not the primary cause of inadequate motility as seen in the question.

C.Encopresis is the voluntary or involuntary passage of feces outside the toilet in children who should be toilet trained. It is not a cause of mechanical intestinal obstruction.

D. Hirschsprung's disease is a congenital disorder where there is inadequate motility in part of the intestine, leading to mechanical obstruction. It usually affects the colon and is due to the absence of ganglion cells in the affected segment of the bowel.

So, Hirschsprung's disease is the specific condition that leads to inadequate motility and mechanical obstruction of part of the intestine in infants.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "That big soft spot will be covered in bone by the end of the second month" is not accurate. The closure usually occurs later than the second month.

B. "The big soft spot will close at around 24 months of age" is an overestimation of the typical closure time. It is usually closed earlier than 24 months.

C. "The big soft spot is usually closed between 12 and 18 months of age."

The anterior fontanel is the soft spot located on the baby's head, and its closure is a natural part of an infant's development. The timing of closure can vary from one child to another. However, the typical range for the closure of the anterior fontanel is between 12 and 18 months of age. This information provides a general guideline for parents while acknowledging the natural variability in child development.

D. "Babies' soft spots close at different times depending on their growth rate" is true to some extent, but providing a general range (option C) is more informative for parents.

A. Identity versus role confusion B. Autonomy versus sense of shame and doubt C. Initiative versus guilt D. Trust versus mistrust

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Identity versus role confusion is typically associated with adolescence.

B. Autonomy versus a sense of shame and doubt is associated with the toddler years.

C. Initiative versus guilt.

Erikson's theory of psychosocial development includes various stages, and each stage corresponds to a specific age range and a unique psychosocial challenge. The preschool age group, typically from around 3 to 6 years old, is associated with the stage of "Initiative versus guilt." During this stage, children begin to explore their environment, take on new challenges, and start to develop a sense of initiative. They seek to make choices, set goals, and make plans, which is a crucial aspect of their development during the preschool years. However, if their efforts are met with excessive criticism or control, they may develop feelings of guilt.

D. Trust versus mistrust is associated with infancy.

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A nurse is caring for an infant who has inadequate motility of part of the intestine resulting in a mechanical obstruction. The nurse should identify this finding as a manifestation of which of the following disorders?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nervous parent asks when the big "soft spot" (anterior fontanel) will be closed. The nurse's most informative response would be

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which stage of Erikson's theory would the nurse explain describes the development of a preschooler?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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