The nurse is taking care for the child that has been diagnosed with acute renal failure. Which findings should the nurse expect to see in this child?
Metabolic Alkalosis
Water and sodium (Na) retention
Anemia
Hyperkalemia
Increased urinary output
Correct Answer : B,C,D
A. Metabolic alkalosis is not a common acid-base imbalance associated with ARF. Instead, metabolic acidosis is more commonly observed due to the retention of metabolic waste products.
B. Water and sodium (Na) retention: In ARF, the kidneys are unable to effectively filter and excrete waste products and excess fluids. This leads to the retention of water and sodium, contributing to fluid overload.
C. Anemia: ARF can lead to decreased erythropoietin production by the kidneys, which can result in anemia due to reduced red blood cell production.
D. Hyperkalemia: The impaired kidney function in ARF may result in the inability to regulate potassium levels. Elevated levels of potassium (hyperkalemia) can be a dangerous complication.
E. Increased urinary output is not a typical finding in ARF. Instead, the hallmark of ARF is a reduction in urine output or oliguria.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Option A is incorrect because Tanner staging is not solely based on developmental achievement according to age. It assesses physical development irrespective of age.
Option B is incorrect because it is not based on the color of pigmentation on the scrotum but rather on multiple physical characteristics.
Option C. Based on the development of pubic hair in girls.
The Tanner staging system, also known as sexual maturity rating or sexual maturity scale, is a system used to assess the sexual development of children and adolescents based on physical characteristics, primarily focusing on secondary sexual characteristics. It is used to assess the stage of puberty in both boys and girls. In the case of girls, it includes the development of pubic hair, breast development, and other changes like the growth of the areola.
Option D is incorrect because it doesn't solely focus on staged voice changes in males. The Tanner staging system includes a range of characteristics, including voice changes, genital development, and pubic hair growth, to assess sexual maturity in both males and females.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Engaging the child in games with other children is important for social development, but it depends on the child's individual readiness and comfort level with social interactions. It's crucial to consider the child's temperament and developmental stage.
B. Encourage the child to feed himself finger foods.
At 18 months of age, children are typically developing their fine motor skills and independence. Encouraging self-feeding with finger foods is a developmentally appropriate activity. It promotes independence, fine motor skill development, and a positive feeding experience.
C. Allowing the child to walk independently on the nursing unit is appropriate if the child is developmentally ready and safe to do so. It promotes gross motor skill development and independence.
D. Holding and cuddling the child often is important for emotional and social development. However, the frequency and style of interaction should be individualized based on the child's preferences and needs. Some children may prefer more independence at this age.
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