A nurse is caring for a patient newly diagnosed with hepatitis. Which nurse response best explains how a person can contract the virus?

Consuming a large amount of alcohol at one time can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C.

Coming into contact with infected blood, such as from a dirty needle, can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C.

Coming into contact with an infected person’s bodily fluids, such as saliva, can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C.

Eating contaminated food or water from an infected source can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A rationale
Consuming a large amount of alcohol at one time can lead to liver damage and other health problems, but it does not directly cause hepatitis C infection. Hepatitis C is a viral infection that primarily spreads through contact with infected blood.
Choice B rationale
Coming into contact with infected blood, such as from a dirty needle, can indeed cause you to become infected with hepatitis C. This is one of the most common ways the virus is transmitted, particularly through sharing needles or other equipment to inject drugs.
Choice C rationale
Hepatitis C does not typically spread through contact with an infected person’s bodily fluids such as saliva. The virus is primarily bloodborne, meaning it spreads through direct contact with infected blood.
Choice D rationale
Eating contaminated food or water from an infected source does not cause hepatitis C. The virus does not spread through food or water, or by casual contact.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

For a patient with hypoglycemia who has experienced a suspected seizure, the immediate intervention would be to administer IV 0.9% sodium chloride and 5% glucose (dextrose). This helps to quickly raise the patient’s blood glucose levels and manage the seizure.

A. The patient who has left-sided heart failure and has a brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level of 600 pg/mL. B. The patient who has been NPO since midnight for endoscopy. C. The patient who has gastroenteritis and is febrile. D. The patient who has end-stage renal failure and is scheduled for dialysis today.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
While heart failure can lead to fluid volume imbalances, a BNP level of 600 pg/mL alone does not indicate a risk for fluid volume deficit.
Choice B rationale

Being NPO since midnight for an endoscopy could potentially lead to fluid volume deficit, but it’s not the most likely choice. Typically, patients are adequately hydrated before and after the procedure.
Choice C rationale
A patient with gastroenteritis and a fever is at high risk for fluid volume deficit. Gastroenteritis can cause significant fluid loss through vomiting and diarrhea, and fever increases insensible water loss.
Choice D rationale
While patients with end-stage renal failure can have fluid volume imbalances, they are more likely to experience fluid volume excess, especially if they are due for dialysis.

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A nurse is caring for a patient newly diagnosed with hepatitis. Which nurse response best explains how a person can contract the virus?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

For the patient with hypoglycemia who has experienced a suspected seizure, which intervention would the nurse implement immediately?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for four hospitalized patients. Which of the following patients should the nurse identify as being at risk for fluid volume deficit?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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