A nurse is caring for a patient newly diagnosed with hepatitis. Which nurse response best explains how a person can contract the virus?
Consuming a large amount of alcohol at one time can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C.
Coming into contact with infected blood, such as from a dirty needle, can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C.
Coming into contact with an infected person’s bodily fluids, such as saliva, can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C.
Eating contaminated food or water from an infected source can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Consuming a large amount of alcohol at one time can lead to liver damage and other health problems, but it does not directly cause hepatitis C infection. Hepatitis C is a viral infection that primarily spreads through contact with infected blood.
Choice B rationale
Coming into contact with infected blood, such as from a dirty needle, can indeed cause you to become infected with hepatitis C. This is one of the most common ways the virus is transmitted, particularly through sharing needles or other equipment to inject drugs.
Choice C rationale
Hepatitis C does not typically spread through contact with an infected person’s bodily fluids such as saliva. The virus is primarily bloodborne, meaning it spreads through direct contact with infected blood.
Choice D rationale
Eating contaminated food or water from an infected source does not cause hepatitis C. The virus does not spread through food or water, or by casual contact.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While dietary iron restrictions can contribute to iron-deficiency anemia, they are not typically a symptom of ulcerative colitis. Ulcerative colitis is an inflammatory bowel disease that primarily affects the colon and rectum, and its symptoms are generally related to inflammation and damage in these areas.
Choice B rationale
Chronic blood loss is a common symptom of ulcerative colitis and a major contributing factor to the development of anemia in these patients. This is because the inflammation and ulceration in the colon and rectum can lead to bleeding, which over time can result in a significant loss of red blood cells.
Choice C rationale
Frequent diarrhea is a common symptom of ulcerative colitis, but it does not directly contribute to the development of anemia. However, severe or prolonged diarrhea can lead to malnutrition and malabsorption of nutrients, including iron, which could indirectly contribute to anemia.
Choice D rationale
Abdominal pain is a common symptom of ulcerative colitis, but it does not directly contribute to the development of anemia. The pain is typically caused by inflammation and ulceration in the colon and rectum, not by a loss of red blood cells.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While liver issues can be a concern with certain medications or diseases, they are not typically associated with GERD. GERD is a digestive disorder that affects the lower esophageal sphincter, the ring of muscle between the esophagus and stomach. Therefore, monitoring for liver issues would not be directly relevant to a patient with GERD.
Choice B rationale
Pancreatic cancer is a serious condition, but it is not directly related to GERD. GERD is primarily an issue of the esophagus and stomach, not the pancreas. While it’s always important to be vigilant about potential health issues, there is no specific reason for a patient with GERD to watch for manifestations of pancreatic cancer.
Choice C rationale
While diabetes is a significant health concern, it is not directly linked to GERD. GERD does not increase the risk for diabetes. An endocrinologist specializes in hormonal disorders, including
diabetes, but would not typically be involved in the management of GERD unless there were other co-existing endocrine issues.
Choice D rationale
This is the correct answer. Barrett’s esophagus is a condition that can develop in people who have long-term GERD. It changes the color and composition of the esophagus lining, which can increase the risk of esophageal cancer. Therefore, it is important for patients with long-term GERD symptoms to follow up with a GI specialist for recommended surveillance for Barrett’s esophagus.
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