A nurse is caring for a group of clients on a medical unit. Which of the following clients is the most at risk for an acute kidney injury? (Select all that apply.)
A client who is taking gentamicin for infection
A client who has heart failure
A client who is 1 day postoperative following a colon resection
A client who has pneumonia
Correct Answer : A,B,C
A. Gentamicin is known to be nephrotoxic and can potentially cause kidney damage, especially if not properly monitored for dosage and duration of use. Therefore, this client is at increased risk for AKI due to the medication.
B. Heart failure, particularly when it is acute or decompensated, can reduce renal perfusion, leading to prerenal acute kidney injury. In heart failure, the reduced cardiac output leads to decreased blood flow to the kidneys, which can impair kidney function and result in AKI.
C. Postoperative patients are at risk for AKI due to various factors such as surgical stress, blood loss during surgery, use of anesthesia, and potential complications that can affect kidney function during the recovery phase.
D. Pneumonia itself does not directly cause acute kidney injury. In the absence of complications like sepsis or dehydration, pneumonia alone is not a significant direct risk for AKI.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. I probably have problems with incontinence due to exposure to some bacteria while packaging candy on the line." While exposure to bacteria can lead to urinary tract infections, which might contribute to incontinence, this statement might not directly correlate to incontinence caused by job-related factors. It could be a contributing factor but might not solely explain work-related incontinence.
B. Limited or infrequent bathroom breaks can lead to urinary urgency and incontinence, especially for individuals who already have underlying risk factors.Strict monitoring of breaks can create anxiety and further contribute to the urgency and potential loss of bladder controL.
C."I probably have problems with incontinence because the water at work is disgusting and I don't drink enough. “Dehydration: Inadequate fluid intake can contribute to urinary problems, but the client specifically mentions a strict break policy, suggesting limited opportunities for toileting, which is a more direct contributing factor.
D."I probably have problems with incontinence because I am constantly exposed to pesticides at work." Exposure to pesticides might lead to various health issues, but it's less directly associated with urinary incontinence unless there's evidence suggesting a specific impact on bladder function.
Correct Answer is B
No explanation
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