A nurse is caring for a client with an opioid overdose. The nurse should identify the client is at risk for which acid-base imbalance?

Metabolic acidosis

Respiratory acidosis

Respiratory alkalosis

Metabolic alkalosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a decrease in blood pH due to an accumulation of acids or a loss of bicarbonate. It can result from conditions such as diabetic ketoacidosis, renal failure, or severe diarrhea. However, it is not typically associated with opioid overdose. Opioid overdose primarily affects the respiratory system, leading to hypoventilation and respiratory acidosis.

Choice B reason: Respiratory acidosis occurs when there is an accumulation of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood due to hypoventilation. Opioid overdose depresses the central nervous system, leading to decreased respiratory rate and depth, which causes CO2 retention. This results in a decrease in blood pH, leading to respiratory acidosis. Symptoms may include confusion, lethargy, and shortness of breath.

Choice C reason: Respiratory alkalosis is characterized by a decrease in blood CO2 levels due to hyperventilation. It can occur in conditions such as anxiety, fever, or high altitude. Opioid overdose, however, causes hypoventilation rather than hyperventilation, making respiratory alkalosis an unlikely outcome.

Choice D reason: Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by an increase in blood pH due to an accumulation of bicarbonate or a loss of acids. It can result from conditions such as prolonged vomiting, diuretic use, or excessive bicarbonate intake. Opioid overdose does not typically lead to metabolic alkalosis. The primary concern with opioid overdose is respiratory depression and the resulting respiratory acidosis.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Administering the medication within 90 minutes of the provider prescribing it aligns with the definition of a “NOW” order. A “NOW” order is intended to be given promptly but not as urgently as a STAT order, which requires immediate administration. This timeframe ensures that the medication is given in a timely manner to address the client’s needs without unnecessary delay.

Choice B reason: Administering the medication at specific times until directed by the provider is not appropriate for a “NOW” order. This approach is more suitable for routine or scheduled medications, where the timing is predetermined and consistent. A “NOW” order requires prompt action rather than adherence to a fixed schedule.

Choice C reason: Administering the medication at every 4-hour intervals is incorrect for a “NOW” order. This frequency is typical for PRN (as needed) medications or those requiring regular dosing intervals. A “NOW” order is a one-time directive that necessitates timely administration soon after the order is given.

Choice D reason: Administering the medication whenever the client reports specific manifestations, such as pain, is characteristic of PRN orders. PRN orders are given based on the client’s symptoms and needs at the time. A “NOW” order, however, is a one-time order that should be carried out promptly, regardless of the client’s immediate symptoms.

Correct Answer is ["0.4"]

Explanation

Step-by-Step Calculation

Step 1: Identify the desired dose and the concentration of the medication.

Desired dose = 4 mg

Concentration = 10 mg/mL

Step 2: Set up the calculation to find the volume to administer.

Volume to administer (mL) = Desired dose (mg) ÷ Concentration (mg/mL)

Step 3: Perform the division.

4 mg ÷ 10 mg/mL = 0.4 mL

Step 4: Round the answer to the nearest whole number.

0.4 mL rounded to the nearest whole number is 0 mL

Step 5: Apply the instruction to use a leading zero if it applies and do not use a trailing zero.

The final volume to administer is 0.4 mL.

Therefore, the nurse should administer 0.4 mL of furosemide via IV bolus to the client.

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A nurse is caring for a client with an opioid overdose. The nurse should identify the client is at risk for which acid-base imbalance?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse received a prescription to administer a medication NOW to a client. Which action should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is preparing to administer furosemide 4 mg via IV bolus to a client. The amount available is furosemide 10 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Correct Answer is ["0.4"]

Explanation

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