A nurse is assessing a client’s cranial nerves. What cranial nerve would be assessed when checking a client’s gag reflex?

CN IX

CN V

CN X

CN XII

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: The glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) is primarily responsible for the gag reflex. It provides sensory input from the pharynx and posterior third of the tongue, which triggers the gag reflex when stimulated. This nerve plays a crucial role in swallowing and the reflexive action to prevent choking.

Choice B reason: The trigeminal nerve (CN V) is responsible for facial sensation and motor functions such as biting and chewing. It does not play a direct role in the gag reflex. While it is important for other sensory and motor functions, it is not involved in the reflex being assessed here.

Choice C reason: The vagus nerve (CN X) also contributes to the gag reflex by providing motor innervation to the muscles of the pharynx and larynx. However, the primary sensory input for the gag reflex comes from the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX). The vagus nerve works in conjunction with CN IX to complete the reflex action.

Choice D reason: The hypoglossal nerve (CN XII) controls the movements of the tongue. It is essential for speech and swallowing but does not have a role in the gag reflex. The hypoglossal nerve’s primary function is motor control of the tongue muscles.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Open the client’s visual acuity using a Snellen chart is incorrect. This action assesses cranial nerve II (optic nerve), which is responsible for vision. The Snellen chart is used to measure visual acuity, not the function of cranial nerve VI

Choice B Reason:

Whisper none of the client’s ears while blocking the other is incorrect. This action assesses cranial nerve VIII (vestibulocochlear nerve), which is responsible for hearing and balance. Whispering tests the auditory function of this nerve.

Choice C Reason:

Ask the client to inspect up is correct. Cranial nerve VI (abducens nerve) controls the lateral rectus muscle, which is responsible for moving the eye outward. Asking the client to look up and outward helps assess the function of this nerve.

Choice D Reason:

Ask the client to smile is incorrect. This action assesses cranial nerve VII (facial nerve), which controls the muscles of facial expression. Smiling tests the motor function of this nerve.

A. Fiber B. Fat C. Protein D. Minerals

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A Reason:

Fiber is correct. Fiber is essential for maintaining healthy bowel elimination. It helps to add bulk to the stool and promotes regular bowel movements. There are two types of fiber: soluble and insoluble. Soluble fiber absorbs water and forms a gel-like substance, which helps soften the stool and make it easier to pass. Insoluble fiber adds bulk to the stool and helps it move through the digestive tract more quickly.

Choice B Reason:

Fat is incorrect. While fats are an important part of a balanced diet, they do not play a primary role in maintaining healthy bowel elimination. Fats are essential for energy and the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins, but they do not have the same effect on bowel movements as fiber.

Choice C Reason:

Protein is incorrect. Protein is crucial for building and repairing tissues, but it does not directly influence bowel elimination. A diet high in protein without adequate fiber can sometimes lead to constipation.

Choice D Reason:

Minerals are incorrect. Minerals are vital for various bodily functions, including bone health, fluid balance, and muscle function. However, they do not directly impact bowel elimination in the same way that fiber does.

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A nurse is assessing a client’s cranial nerves. What cranial nerve would be assessed when checking a client’s gag reflex?

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Correct Answer is A

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