A nurse is caring for a client with a specific phobia.
Which statement by the nurse is accurate regarding phobias?

Choice A rationale:

Provide a safe and calm environment for the client during a panic attack. Creating a safe and calm environment is crucial during a panic attack. It can help the client feel more secure and reduce the intensity and duration of the panic attack.

Choice B rationale:

Use therapeutic communication skills to establish rapport and trust with the client. Therapeutic communication is essential for clients with panic disorder. It helps establish a trusting relationship between the nurse and the client, which is crucial for effective treatment and support.

Choice C rationale:

Educate the client about panic disorder and its treatment options. Educating the client about their condition and available treatment options empowers them to make informed decisions about their care. It also reduces anxiety and fear associated with the disorder.

Choice D rationale:

Encourage the client to participate in cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Cognitive-behavioral therapy is a well-established and effective treatment for panic disorder. Encouraging the client to participate in CBT can help them develop coping strategies and manage their symptoms.

Choice E rationale:

Refer the client to self-help groups for peer support and education. Self-help groups can provide valuable peer support and education to individuals with panic disorder. Being part of such a group can reduce feelings of isolation and provide practical advice for managing the condition.

Choice A rationale:

"Phobias are characterized by persistent and irrational fear" (Choice A) is an accurate statement. Phobias are defined by the presence of an intense and irrational fear of a specific object or situation. This fear is persistent and often leads to avoidance behaviors, which can significantly impact the individual's daily life.

Choice B rationale:

"Phobias can be caused by biological factors only" (Choice B) is an inaccurate statement. Phobias can have various causes, including both biological and psychological factors. While there may be genetic predispositions to certain phobias, psychological factors, such as traumatic experiences or learned behaviors, can also contribute to the development of phobias.

Choice C rationale:

"Phobias can be diagnosed based on physical symptoms" (Choice C) is an inaccurate statement. Phobias are typically diagnosed based on the individual's reported symptoms, such as intense fear and avoidance behaviors. There are no specific physical symptoms that directly indicate the presence of a phobia.

Choice D rationale:

"Phobias can be managed with medication alone" (Choice D) is an inaccurate statement. Medication alone is not considered the primary treatment for phobias. While medications like selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or benzodiazepines may be prescribed to alleviate anxiety symptoms, the most effective treatment for phobias is psychotherapy, particularly exposure therapy or cognitive-behavioral therapy. These therapies address the root causes of the phobia and help individuals learn to manage their fear.