A clinical trial is recommended for a female client with metastatic breast cancer, but she refuses to participate and tells her family that she does not wish to have further treatments.

The client's son and daughter ask the nurse to try and convince their mother to reconsider this decision.

How should the nurse respond?

Choice A rationale:

Emphasize that using safe sex practices removes the risk of STIs. Rationale: While promoting safe sex practices is essential in preventing STIs, this response is not directly addressing the client's situation. The client already reports having unprotected sex, so this choice does not provide relevant information or address the potential consequences.

Choice B rationale:

Explain that reinfections occur from sex with untreated partners. Rationale: This is the correct response. Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection that can be treated with antibiotics, but reinfections can occur if sexual partners are not treated. This response provides essential information about the potential consequences of unprotected sex with untreated partners.

Choice C rationale:

Clarify that all STIs are transmitted through sexual intercourse. Rationale: While this statement is accurate in a general sense, it does not specifically address the client's situation or the risks associated with syphilis. It lacks the focus needed to educate the client effectively about their current situation.

Choice D rationale:

Provide counseling that most contraceptives protect against infection. Rationale: This response is inaccurate. Contraceptives primarily aim to prevent pregnancy, not protect against STIs. Therefore, it does not address the client's concern or provide relevant information about syphilis.

When the practical nurse (PN) notices that one of the unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) consistently records subnormal temperatures when using the thermometer, the first action the PN should take is to observe how the UAP obtains temperatures. This allows the PN to directly assess the UAP's technique and determine if any errors or inaccuracies are occurring during temperature measurement. By observing the process, the PN can identify any potential issues, such as incorrect placement of the thermometer or improper technique, and provide appropriate guidance and education.
Let's evaluate the other options:

a) Show the UAP how to chart temperatures.
While accurate charting of temperatures is important, it is not the primary concern in this situation. The PN should first focus on assessing the UAP's temperature measurement technique before addressing charting skills.

b) Return the thermometer for recalibration.
Returning the thermometer for recalibration may be necessary if there is evidence or suspicion of a malfunctioning thermometer. However, before assuming that the thermometer is the issue, it is important to first observe how the UAP obtains temperatures to rule out any human error in the measurement process.

d) Demonstrate how to use the equipment.
Demonstrating how to use the equipment may be beneficial, but it should not be the first action taken in this scenario. The PN should first observe the UAP's technique to identify any potential errors or issues in temperature measurement. Based on the observation, the PN can provide specific guidance and demonstrate the correct technique if necessary.

In summary, when a practical nurse (PN) notices that a UAP consistently records subnormal temperatures when using the thermometer, the first action the PN should take is to observe how the UAP obtains temperatures. This allows for direct assessment of the UAP's technique and identification of any potential errors or issues. Based on the observation, the PN can provide appropriate guidance, education, and intervention as needed to ensure accurate temperature measurement.