A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) via mechanical ventilation. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of PEEP?
Hypoxemia
Tension pneumothorax.
Malignant hypertension
Atelectasis
The Correct Answer is B
A. Hypoxemia is a condition of low oxygen levels in the blood. PEEP can actually improve oxygenation by preventing alveolar collapse and increasing functional residual capacity.
B. Tension pneumothorax is a life-threatening condition of air accumulation in the pleural space that causes increased intrathoracic pressure and compresses the lungs, heart, and great vessels. PEEP can increase the risk of tension pneumothorax by creating excessive positive pressure in the airways and alveoli.
C. Malignant hypertension is a severe form of high blood pressure that can cause organ damage and stroke. PEEP can cause a transient increase in blood pressure due to increased intrathoracic pressure, but it does not cause malignant hypertension.
D. Atelectasis is a condition of partial or complete lung collapse due to alveolar collapse or obstruction. PEEP can prevent or treat atelectasis by maintaining positive pressure in the airways and alveoli.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Initiate droplet isolation precautions is incorrect because cystic fibrosis is not transmitted by droplets, but by autosomal recessive inheritance.
B. Keep the child on NPO status for 12 hr is incorrect because there is no indication for withholding oral intake in this child. The child needs adequate hydration and nutrition to prevent dehydration and malnutrition due to increased metabolic demands and mucus production.
C. Maintain the child on bed rest for 24 hr is incorrect because bed rest can worsen the child's respiratory status by decreasing lung expansion and increasing mucus retention. The child needs to be encouraged to ambulate and participate in activities as tolerated to promote airway clearance and prevent atelectasis and infection.
D. Administer high-dose antibiotic therapy is correct because the child has signs of a pulmonary infection, such as wheezing, productive cough, and thick sputum. Antibiotics are indicated to treat the infection and prevent complications such as pneumonia and bronchiectasis.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Constipation is not a common complication of vacuum-assisted birth. It may be related to other factors such as dehydration, opioid use, or decreased mobility.
B. Urinary urgency is not a common complication of vacuum-assisted birth. It may be related to other factors such as bladder trauma, infection, or diuretic use.
C. Cervical laceration is a common complication of vacuum-assisted birth. It occurs when the vacuum cup causes damage to the cervix during delivery. It can lead to bleeding, infection, or cervical incompetence in future pregnancies.
D. Retained placenta is not a common complication of vacuum-assisted birth. It may be related to other factors such as placenta accreta, uterine atony, or manual removal of the placenta.
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