A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an acute asthma attack. Which of the following should the nurse identify as a contributing factor to the client's manifestations?

Inability to exhale retained carbon dioxide

Acute loss of alveolar elasticity

Decreased responsiveness of airways to allergens

Suppressed bronchiolar inflammatory response

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

An acute asthma attack is a sudden worsening of asthma symptoms, such as coughing, wheezing, tightness in the chest, and difficulty breathing. These symptoms happen because the airways in the lungs become narrow, irritated, swollen, and produce excess mucus.

An asthma attack can be triggered by various factors, such as allergic reactions, respiratory infections, tobacco smoke, cold air, and exercise. These triggers cause the immune system to react and release chemicals that cause inflammation and constriction of the airways.

Based on this information, the best answer to the question is a. Inability to exhale retained carbon dioxide. This is because during an asthma attack, the narrowed airways make it harder to exhale the air from the lungs, which leads to a buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood. This can worsen the symptoms and cause acidosis, a condition where the blood becomes too acidic.

The other options are not correct because:

b. Acute loss of alveolar elasticity is not a cause of asthma attacks, but a consequence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a different lung condition that involves damage to the alveoli, the tiny air sacs in the lungs.
c. Decreased responsiveness of airways to allergens is not a cause of asthma attacks, but a goal of asthma treatment. Asthma medications aim to reduce the sensitivity and inflammation of the airways to prevent or reduce the frequency and severity of asthma attacks.
d. Suppressed bronchiolar inflammatory response is not a cause of asthma attacks, but a potential side effect of some asthma medications, such as corticosteroids. These drugs can suppress the immune system and increase the risk of infections in the airways.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Desmopressin is a synthetic form of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), which regulates water balance in the body. Diabetes insipidus is a condition caused by a deficiency or resistance to ADH, resulting in excessive urination and thirst. Desmopressin helps reduce urine output and prevent dehydration by mimicking the action of ADH on the kidneys. Lithium is a mood stabilizer that can cause nephrogenic diabetes insipidus by interfering with the response of the kidneys to ADH. Regular insulin is used to treat diabetes mellitus, not diabetes insipidus, as it lowers blood glucose levels by facilitating its uptake into cells.

Furosemide is a diuretic that increases urine output and can worsen dehydration in clients with diabetes insipidus.

A. Take an antacid 30 min before taking the medication. B. Monitor heart rate once daily. C. Drink 2 to 3 L of fluids daily. D. Take a laxative to prevent constipation.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic used to treat different types of bacterial infections, including urinary tract infections. Drinking plenty of fluids can help flush out bacteria from the urinary tract and prevent dehydration. Taking an antacid can reduce the absorption of ciprofloxacin and make it less effective.

Monitoring heart rate is not necessary unless the client has a history of cardiac problems or is taking other medications that affect the heart . Taking a laxative can cause diarrhea, which can worsen dehydration and electrolyte imbalance.

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A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an acute asthma attack. Which of the following should the nurse identify as a contributing factor to the client's manifestations?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes insipidus. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has chronic urinary tract infections. The client has a prescription for ciprofloxacin 250 mg PO twice daily. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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