A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an acute asthma attack. Which of the following should the nurse identify as a contributing factor to the client's manifestations?
Inability to exhale retained carbon dioxide
Acute loss of alveolar elasticity
Decreased responsiveness of airways to allergens
Suppressed bronchiolar inflammatory response
The Correct Answer is A
An acute asthma attack is a sudden worsening of asthma symptoms, such as coughing, wheezing, tightness in the chest, and difficulty breathing. These symptoms happen because the airways in the lungs become narrow, irritated, swollen, and produce excess mucus.
An asthma attack can be triggered by various factors, such as allergic reactions, respiratory infections, tobacco smoke, cold air, and exercise. These triggers cause the immune system to react and release chemicals that cause inflammation and constriction of the airways.
Based on this information, the best answer to the question is a. Inability to exhale retained carbon dioxide. This is because during an asthma attack, the narrowed airways make it harder to exhale the air from the lungs, which leads to a buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood. This can worsen the symptoms and cause acidosis, a condition where the blood becomes too acidic.
The other options are not correct because:
b. Acute loss of alveolar elasticity is not a cause of asthma attacks, but a consequence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a different lung condition that involves damage to the alveoli, the tiny air sacs in the lungs.
c. Decreased responsiveness of airways to allergens is not a cause of asthma attacks, but a goal of asthma treatment. Asthma medications aim to reduce the sensitivity and inflammation of the airways to prevent or reduce the frequency and severity of asthma attacks.
d. Suppressed bronchiolar inflammatory response is not a cause of asthma attacks, but a potential side effect of some asthma medications, such as corticosteroids. These drugs can suppress the immune system and increase the risk of infections in the airways.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The client should wash their perineal area twice a day with antimicrobial soap to prevent infection and irritation. This is especially important for clients who have an impaired immune system due to chemotherapy, as they are more susceptible to infections and complications.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The client has neutropenia, which is a low number of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell that fights infection. The client is at risk for developing infections from bacteria and fungi that are normally present in the environment. Raw fruits may contain these microorganisms and should be avoided.
Contact isolation is not necessary for neutropenic clients, unless they have an active infection. Applying pressure to venipuncture sites for 10 min is a standard precaution for all clients, not specific to neutropenic clients. Moving the client to a negative pressure room is indicated for clients with airborne infections, not neutropenic clients.
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