A nurse is caring for a client who has variant angina and is prescribed verapamil. Which of the following are expected outcomes of this medication? (Select all that apply.)

Decreased heart rate

Increased contractility

Dilated coronary arteries

Reduced blood pressure E.

Relieved chest pain.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,E

Verapamil is a calcium channel blocker that is used to treat variant angina by dilating the coronary arteries and relieving the chest pain caused by spasms. It also reduces blood pressure and heart rate, but these are not the expected outcomes for variant angina.

Choice A is wrong because verapamil decreases heart rate, not increases it. This can help reduce the oxygen demand of the heart, but it is not the main goal of therapy for variant angina.

Choice B is wrong because verapamil decreases contractility, not increases it. This can also help reduce the oxygen demand of the heart, but it is not the main goal of therapy for variant angina.

Choice D is wrong because verapamil reduces blood pressure, not increases it. This can help lower the workload of the heart, but it is not the main goal of therapy for variant angina.

Normal ranges for heart rate are 60 to 100 beats per minute, for blood pressure are 120/80 mm Hg or lower, and for contractility are measured by ejection fraction, which is normally 55% or higher.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

This statement indicates that the patient understands that rivaroxaban (Xarelto) is an anticoagulant that can increase the risk of bleeding and bruising.The patient should avoid activities that may cause injury, such as contact sports, sharp objects, or falls.

Choice A is wrong because aspirin is also an antiplatelet drug that can further increase the risk of bleeding when taken with rivaroxaban.The patient should not take aspirin or any other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) without consulting the prescriber.

Choice C is wrong because rivaroxaban can be taken with or without food.The patient does not need to take the medication with food to prevent stomach upset or absorption problems.

Choice D is wrong because rivaroxaban should be taken as prescribed and not stopped abruptly without consulting the prescriber.Stopping the medication can increase the risk of blood clots and stroke.The patient should not stop taking the medication even if they feel better or have no symptoms.

A. A 55-year-old male patient who is post-op day 1 from brain surgery. B. A 45-year-old female patient with a pulmonary embolism. C. A 36-year-old male patient with active peptic ulcer disease. D. A 43-year-old female with uncontrolled atrial fibrillation.

Correct Answer is ["A","C"]

Explanation

Heparin is an anticoagulant that inhibits blood clotting and prevents harmful clots from forming in blood vessels.However, heparin can also cause some serious side effects, such as bleeding, bruising, low platelet count, allergic reactions, and osteoporosis.

Therefore, patients who are at a high risk for developing these adverse effects should be monitored closely and have their heparin dose adjusted accordingly.

Choice A is correct because a patient who is post-op day 1 from brain surgery has a high risk of bleeding from the surgical site or intracranially.Heparin can increase this risk and cause life-threatening hemorrhage.

Therefore, this patient should not receive heparin unless absolutely necessary and under strict supervision.

Choice B is wrong because a patient with a pulmonary embolism (PE) is a candidate for heparin therapy.

A PE is a blood clot that blocks the blood flow to the lungs and can cause respiratory failure and death.Heparin can prevent the clot from becoming larger and causing more damage, and also prevent new clots from forming.

Therefore, this patient would benefit from heparin therapy and is not at a high risk of adverse effects.

Choice C is correct because a patient with active peptic ulcer disease (PUD) has a high risk of bleeding from the stomach or duodenum.

PUD is a condition where the lining of the digestive tract is eroded by stomach acid and bacteria.Heparin can worsen this condition and cause ulcer bleeding or perforation.

Therefore, this patient should avoid heparin therapy unless absolutely necessary and under strict supervision.

Choice D is wrong because a patient with uncontrolled atrial fibrillation (AF) is a candidate for heparin therapy.

AF is an irregular heartbeat that can cause blood clots to form in the heart chambers and travel to other organs, such as the brain or lungs.Heparin can prevent these clots from forming and reduce the risk of stroke or PE.

Therefore, this patient would benefit from heparin therapy and is not at a high risk of adverse effects.

Normal ranges of heparin depend on the type of heparin used (unfractionated heparin or low molecular weight heparin), the method of administration (intravenous or subcutaneous), and the indication for use (prophylaxis or treatment).Generally, the therapeutic range for heparin level is 0.3 - 0.7 U/mL, measured by anti-Xa assay.However, this range may vary depending on the pregnancy stage and the type of heparin used.The dose of heparin should be individualized according to the results of suitable laboratory tests and clinical response.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has variant angina and is prescribed verapamil. Which of the following are expected outcomes of this medication? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A patient has been prescribed rivaroxaban (Xarelto) for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of medication teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Which patients below would be at a HIGH risk for developing adverse effects of Heparin drug therapy? Select all that apply:

Correct Answer is ["A","C"]

Explanation

The patient has been receiving heparin therapy for deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The patient’s activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) result is 90 seconds (therapeutic range: 60-80 seconds). What will be included in patient care? (Select all that apply.).

A patient who has atrial fibrillation is taking warfarin and has an INR of 2.5.The patient reports having frequent headaches and asks for an over-the-counter pain reliever.The nurse will recommend which medication?

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A nurse is caring for a client who has deep vein thrombosis and is receiving enoxaparin therapy subcutaneously once daily at home. The nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following findings immediately?

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The nurse recognizes what absolute contraindication to the administration of a thrombolytic to a patient having an acute myocardial infarction?

A nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving heparin therapy via continuous IV infusion for treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The nurse should monitor which of the following laboratory values to evaluate therapeutic effectiveness of heparin therapy?

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