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A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia with dyspnea. The client's ABG results are pH 7.30, PaCO2 50 mm Hg, HCO3 26 mEq/L. The nurse should recognize that the client has which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Metabolic acidosis

Respiratory acidosis

Respiratory alkalosis

Metabolic alkalosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

This ABG result indicates that the client has an excess of carbon dioxide (CO2) due to hypoventilation.

A. "Metabolic acidosis" is an incorrect answer because the pH is low and the HCO3 is within normal range.

C. "Respiratory alkalosis" is an incorrect answer because the pH is low and the PaCO2 is elevated.

D. "Metabolic alkalosis" is an incorrect answer because the HCO3 is within normal range, and the pH is low.

Explanation: The ABG result shows a low pH, elevated PaCO2, and normal HCO3, indicating respiratory acidosis. This condition can be caused by conditions that affect breathing, such as pneumonia, asthma, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The correct answer is choice D. Allow frequent rest periods.

Choice A rationale:

Encouraging fluids is not appropriate for a client with heart failure. Clients with heart failure often experience fluid overload due to the heart’s inability to pump effectively, leading to fluid retention.Encouraging additional fluid intake can exacerbate this condition, worsening symptoms such as edema and shortness of breath.

Choice B rationale:

Measuring vital signs every 8 hours may not be frequent enough for a client with heart failure, especially if they are experiencing acute symptoms.More frequent monitoring is often necessary to detect changes in the client’s condition promptly and to manage symptoms effectively.

Choice C rationale:

Obtaining weight weekly is not sufficient for a client with heart failure. Daily weight monitoring is crucial as it helps in detecting fluid retention early.Sudden weight gain can indicate worsening heart failure and the need for adjustments in treatment.

Choice D rationale:

Allowing frequent rest periods is essential for clients with heart failure. These clients often experience fatigue and decreased exercise tolerance due to reduced cardiac output.Frequent rest periods help in managing fatigue and preventing overexertion, which can worsen heart failure symptoms.

A. Social worker B. Herbalist C. Dietitian D. Occupational therapist

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Occupational therapist. Disuse syndrome is a condition that occurs when a person experiences a reduction in physical activity, resulting in a decline in physical function. An occupational therapist can help the client improve their ability to perform daily activities and improve their overall functioning. A social worker can help the client and their family with emotional and social issues related to the condition. An herbalist is not necessary for the management of disuse syndrome. A dietitian can help the client with their nutritional needs but may not address their physical functioning.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia with dyspnea. The client's ABG results are pH 7.30, PaCO2 50 mm Hg, HCO3 26 mEq/L. The nurse should recognize that the client has which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

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