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A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia with dyspnea. The client's ABG results are pH 7.30, PaCO2 50 mm Hg, HCO3 26 mEq/L. The nurse should recognize that the client has which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Metabolic acidosis

Respiratory acidosis

Respiratory alkalosis

Metabolic alkalosis

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

This ABG result indicates that the client has an excess of carbon dioxide (CO2) due to hypoventilation.

A. "Metabolic acidosis" is an incorrect answer because the pH is low and the HCO3 is within normal range.

C. "Respiratory alkalosis" is an incorrect answer because the pH is low and the PaCO2 is elevated.

D. "Metabolic alkalosis" is an incorrect answer because the HCO3 is within normal range, and the pH is low.

Explanation: The ABG result shows a low pH, elevated PaCO2, and normal HCO3, indicating respiratory acidosis. This condition can be caused by conditions that affect breathing, such as pneumonia, asthma, or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The nurse should perform neurovascular checks of the affected extremity every 2 hours to monitor for any signs of compartment syndrome or impaired circulation. It is important to assess for the five Ps: pain, pulse, pallor, paresthesia, and paralysis. Using a hair dryer to relieve itching can cause burns and is not a recommended intervention. Positioning the fractured arm below the level of the client's heart can increase swelling and exacerbate pain. Immobilizing the client's fingers using a hand splint is not indicated unless there is a finger fracture or injury.

Choice A (Use a hair dryer to blow hot air into the cast to relieve itching) is not an answer because it can cause burns and is not a recommended intervention.

Choice C (Position the fractured arm below the level of the client's heart) is not an answer because it can increase swelling and exacerbate pain.

Choice D (Immobilize the client's fingers using a hand splint) is not an answer because it is not indicated unless there is a finger fracture or injury.

A. Sildenafil B. Metformin C. Omeprazole D. Atorvastatin

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse should instruct the client to avoid taking medications for erectile dysfunction, such as sildenafil, within 24 hours of taking nitroglycerin due to the risk of severe hypotension.

Reasons why the other options are not answers:

Option B: Metformin is not contraindicated with nitroglycerin.

Option C: Omeprazole is not contraindicated with nitroglycerin.

Option D: Atorvastatin is not contraindicated with nitroglycerin.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia with dyspnea. The client's ABG results are pH 7.30, PaCO2 50 mm Hg, HCO3 26 mEq/L. The nurse should recognize that the client has which of the following acid-base imbalances?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has a distal radius fracture with a short arm cast applied. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is obtaining a medication history from a client who is to start taking nitroglycerin for chest discomfort with activity. Which of the following medications should the nurse instruct the client to avoid taking within 24 hr of using nitroglycerin?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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