A nurse is caring for a client who has just developed a pulmonary embolism. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering?

Dexamethasone

Atropine

Heparin

Furosemide

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Heparin is an anticoagulant that prevents the formation of new clots and the extension of existing clots. It is the drug of choice for treating acute pulmonary embolism, which is a life-threatening condition caused by a blood clot that travels to the lungs and blocks a pulmonary artery.

a) Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid that reduces inﬂammation and suppresses immune response. It is not indicated for treating pulmonary embolism, but it may be used for other pulmonary conditions, such as asthma or COPD.
b) Atropine is an anticholinergic that blocks the action of acetylcholine and increases heart rate and cardiac output. It is not indicated for treating pulmonary embolism, but it may be used for bradycardia or asystole.
d) Furosemide is a loop diuretic that increases urine output and reduces ﬂuid volume and blood pressure. It is not indicated for treating pulmonary embolism, but it may be used for heart failure or edema.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Discarding the toothbrush and buying another is a way to prevent disease transmission, as the toothbrush can harbor bacteria and reinfect the child or spread the infection to others. The toothbrush should be discarded after 24 hours of antibiotic therapy.

a) Encouraging the child to drink lots of ﬂuids is a way to promote hydration and soothe the throat, but it does not prevent disease transmission. The child should avoid sharing cups or utensils with others and use disposable tissues or paper towels.
b) Taking the child's temperature every 4 hours is a way to monitor fever, but it does not prevent disease transmission. The thermometer should be cleaned and disinfected after each use and not shared with others.
d) Giving the child Tylenol for the pain is a way to relieve discomfort, but it does not prevent disease transmission. The medication should be administered according to the label instructions and not shared with others.

A. "I take this medication once a day in the evening." B. "I rinse my mouth after taking this medication." C. "I use a spacer device when I inhale this medication." D. "I take this medication when I get an asthma attack."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Montelukast is an oral leukotriene receptor antagonist that prevents inﬂammation and bronchoconstriction in asthma. It is taken once daily in the evening to prevent nocturnal symptoms and improve morning lung function.

"I rinse my mouth after taking this medication." This is not necessary, as montelukast is not associated with oral thrush or dysgeusia, unlike some inhaled corticosteroids.
"I use a spacer device when I inhale this medication." This is not applicable, as montelukast is not an inhaler, but a tablet or chewable form.
"I take this medication when I get an asthma attack." This is not appropriate, as montelukast is not a rescue medication, but a maintenance medication that should be taken regularly to prevent asthma exacerbations. A short-acting beta2 agonist such as albuterol should be used for acute relief of symptoms.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has just developed a pulmonary embolism. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering?

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