A nurse is caring for a client who has just developed a pulmonary embolism. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering?
Dexamethasone
Atropine
Heparin
Furosemide
The Correct Answer is C
Heparin is an anticoagulant that prevents the formation of new clots and the extension of existing clots. It is the drug of choice for treating acute pulmonary embolism, which is a life-threatening condition caused by a blood clot that travels to the lungs and blocks a pulmonary artery.
a) Dexamethasone is a corticosteroid that reduces inflammation and suppresses immune response. It is not indicated for treating pulmonary embolism, but it may be used for other pulmonary conditions, such as asthma or COPD.
b) Atropine is an anticholinergic that blocks the action of acetylcholine and increases heart rate and cardiac output. It is not indicated for treating pulmonary embolism, but it may be used for bradycardia or asystole.
d) Furosemide is a loop diuretic that increases urine output and reduces fluid volume and blood pressure. It is not indicated for treating pulmonary embolism, but it may be used for heart failure or edema.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Keeping the drainage system below the level of the client's chest prevents backflow of fluid or air into the
pleural space and maintains negative pressure in the system.
a) Disconnecting the chest tube from the drainage system during transport is dangerous and can cause pneumothorax, infection, or bleeding. The chest tube should remain connected to the drainage system at all times unless ordered by the provider.
b) Emptying the collection chamber prior to transport is unnecessary and can interfere with accurate measurement of drainage. The collection chamber should be emptied only when it is full or at the end of each shift.
c) Clamping the chest tube prior to transferring the client to a wheelchair is contraindicated and can cause tension pneumothorax, as it prevents air from escaping the pleural space. The chest tube should only be clamped for a brief period when changing the drainage system or checking for air leaks, and only with a provider's order.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Cheyne-Stokes respirations are a cyclic pattern of breathing that consists of gradually increasing and decreasing tidal volumes, followed by a period of apnea. They are often seen in clients who have brain damage, heart failure, or drug overdose.
- Stridor is a high-pitched, inspiratory sound that indicates upper airway obstruction. It is not a pattern of breathing, but a sign of respiratory distress.
- Kussmaul respirations are rapid, deep, and labored breaths that indicate metabolic acidosis. They are not characterized by periods of apnea, but by a constant increase in ventilation.
- Apneustic respirations are prolonged, gasping inspirations followed by short, ineffective expirations. They indicate damage to the pons or lower brainstem. They are not characterized by periods of hyperventilation, but by a lack of normal respiratory rhythm.
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