A nurse is caring for a client who has hyperemesis gravidarum. The nurse should identify that the client is at risk for which of the following conditions?
Elevated blood pressure
Leukopenia
Hydramnios
Ketonuria
The Correct Answer is C
A. Elevated blood pressure is typically associated with gestational hypertension or preeclampsia rather than hyperemesis gravidarum. In hyperemesis, the significant fluid loss through protracted vomiting more commonly leads to hypovolemia and a subsequent decrease in systemic blood pressure. While compensatory tachycardia may occur, hypertension is not a direct scientific expectation for this clinical condition.
B. Leukopenia, which is a decrease in the white blood cell count, is not a typical finding in clients suffering from hyperemesis gravidarum. Hemoconcentration caused by severe dehydration may actually result in a relative increase in various laboratory values, including hematocrit and occasionally white cell counts. There is no physiological mechanism within this disorder that causes the bone marrow suppression required for leukopenia.
C. Hydramnios, or excessive amniotic fluid volume, is generally associated with fetal anomalies or maternal diabetes rather than severe vomiting. Hyperemesis gravidarum is characterized by a state of maternal fluid volume deficit rather than an excess of amniotic fluid. In severe, untreated cases, maternal dehydration might actually lead to decreased placental perfusion and a potential reduction in amniotic fluid.
D. Ketonuria is a critical finding in hyperemesis gravidarum that indicates the body has shifted to an anaerobic metabolic state. Because the client cannot retain sufficient carbohydrates for energy, the body begins catabolizing adipose tissue to produce fuel, resulting in the accumulation of ketone bodies. The presence of these ketones in the urine confirms that the client is experiencing metabolic starvation and requires immediate intervention.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Incorrect- The water heater temperature should be set to 49.4°C (120°F) or below to prevent scalding. The given temperature is slightly too high.
B) Incorrect- Soft bumper pads in cribs can pose a suffocation risk and are not recommended.
C) Correct - Washing the newborn's face with a warm, soapy washcloth is a safe way to cleanse the baby's face. Harsh chemicals or strong soaps should be avoided.
D) Incorrect- Pillows should not be placed under a newborn's head during naps to reduce the risk of suffocation. The baby's sleep environment should be free of soft bedding.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) Incorrect- Urinary retention can be a concern but is not as immediately life-threatening as respiratory depression.
B) Correct - A respiratory rate of 11/min is significantly lower than the normal range and indicates respiratory depression, which can be life-threatening. It requires immediate attention.
C) Incorrect- A blood pressure of 105/62 mm Hg is within a normal range for an adolescent and does not require immediate intervention.
D) Incorrect- Blurred vision might be a side effect of medications, but respiratory depression takes priority due to its potential to lead to serious complications.
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