A nurse is caring for a client who has hepatitis A. The client asks the nurse how he might have contracted the virus. Before responding, which of the following questions should the nurse first ask the client?
"Do you take any recreational drugs?"
"Did you have a blood transfusion recently?
"Have you eaten any shellfish lately?"
"Have you traveled to a third world country in the past two months?"
The Correct Answer is D
A. "Do you take any recreational drugs?"
This question is related to the risk of hepatitis transmission through the sharing of needles or other drug paraphernalia. Hepatitis B and C can be transmitted through contaminated needles used for injecting drugs.
B. "Did you have a blood transfusion recently?"
This question addresses the risk of hepatitis transmission through blood transfusions. While this used to be a significant risk, modern blood screening procedures have greatly reduced this risk. However, it's still a relevant question to understand the client's medical history.
C. "Have you eaten any shellfish lately?"
This question is related to the risk of hepatitis A transmission. Hepatitis A is often transmitted through contaminated food or water. Shellfish from contaminated waters can be a source of hepatitis A infection.
D. "Have you traveled to a third world country in the past two months?"
This question is crucial because hepatitis A is often more prevalent in developing countries and can be contracted through contaminated food, water, or poor sanitation. Travel history can help identify possible exposure sources.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Blood glucose 150 mg/dL:
This blood glucose level is slightly elevated but not significantly concerning on its own. It may be related to stress or other factors. In the context of acute gastroenteritis, it might be secondary to dehydration, but it is not an immediate priority unless the client is diabetic.
B. Potassium 2.5 mEq/L:
This is the correct answer. Low potassium levels (hypokalemia) are a severe concern, especially in the context of acute gastroenteritis where there can be significant losses through vomiting and diarrhea. Hypokalemia can lead to cardiac arrhythmias and needs urgent correction.
C. Weight loss of 3% of total body weight:
While weight loss is an important parameter, a 3% weight loss is usually not an immediate concern. In cases of acute gastroenteritis, rapid weight loss might indicate severe dehydration, but this choice is not as urgent as addressing a severe electrolyte imbalance like hypokalemia.
D. Urine specific gravity 1.035:
This specific gravity indicates concentrated urine, which could be due to dehydration. While this finding is important and indicates the need for rehydration, it is not as urgent as correcting a critically low potassium level.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Ecchymosis of the extremities: Ecchymosis refers to the medical term for a bruise. It's characterized by a discoloration of the skin resulting from bleeding underneath, typically caused by trauma to the blood vessels. This is not directly related to cholelithiasis.
B. Tenderness in the left upper abdomen: Tenderness in the left upper abdomen might be associated with conditions such as pancreatitis or splenic issues, not directly with obstruction and inflammation of the common bile duct due to cholelithiasis.
C. Straw-colored urine: Straw-colored urine is normal and healthy. Dark-colored or cloudy urine might indicate underlying issues, but straw-colored urine is generally a sign of proper hydration.
D. Fatty stools: When the common bile duct is obstructed due to cholelithiasis, proper digestion of fats doesn't occur, leading to the passage of fatty stools. This is due to the inability to properly digest and absorb fats, leading to their presence in the stool.
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