A nurse is caring for a client who has hepatitis A. The client asks the nurse how he might have contracted the virus. Before responding, which of the following questions should the nurse first ask the client?

"Do you take any recreational drugs?"

"Did you have a blood transfusion recently?

"Have you eaten any shellfish lately?"

"Have you traveled to a third world country in the past two months?"

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. "Do you take any recreational drugs?"

This question is related to the risk of hepatitis transmission through the sharing of needles or other drug paraphernalia. Hepatitis B and C can be transmitted through contaminated needles used for injecting drugs.
B. "Did you have a blood transfusion recently?"

This question addresses the risk of hepatitis transmission through blood transfusions. While this used to be a significant risk, modern blood screening procedures have greatly reduced this risk. However, it's still a relevant question to understand the client's medical history.
C. "Have you eaten any shellfish lately?"

This question is related to the risk of hepatitis A transmission. Hepatitis A is often transmitted through contaminated food or water. Shellfish from contaminated waters can be a source of hepatitis A infection.
D. "Have you traveled to a third world country in the past two months?"

This question is crucial because hepatitis A is often more prevalent in developing countries and can be contracted through contaminated food, water, or poor sanitation. Travel history can help identify possible exposure sources.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Blood glucose 150 mg/dL:
This blood glucose level is slightly elevated but not significantly concerning on its own. It may be related to stress or other factors. In the context of acute gastroenteritis, it might be secondary to dehydration, but it is not an immediate priority unless the client is diabetic.

B. Potassium 2.5 mEq/L:
This is the correct answer. Low potassium levels (hypokalemia) are a severe concern, especially in the context of acute gastroenteritis where there can be significant losses through vomiting and diarrhea. Hypokalemia can lead to cardiac arrhythmias and needs urgent correction.

C. Weight loss of 3% of total body weight:
While weight loss is an important parameter, a 3% weight loss is usually not an immediate concern. In cases of acute gastroenteritis, rapid weight loss might indicate severe dehydration, but this choice is not as urgent as addressing a severe electrolyte imbalance like hypokalemia.

D. Urine specific gravity 1.035:
This specific gravity indicates concentrated urine, which could be due to dehydration. While this finding is important and indicates the need for rehydration, it is not as urgent as correcting a critically low potassium level.

A. Prior to percussing the abdomen B. Prior to inspecting the abdomen C. After checking for kidney tenderness D. After palpating the abdomen

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Prior to percussing the abdomen:Auscultation should be performed before percussing or palpating the abdomen. Percussion and palpation can alter bowel activity, potentially leading to inaccurate assessment of bowel sounds.

B. Prior to inspecting the abdomen:Inspection should always be performed before auscultation when assessing the abdomen. This allows the nurse to observe any visible abnormalities, such as distention or skin changes, without altering bowel activity. Auscultation should follow inspection.

C. After checking for kidney tenderness:Checking for kidney tenderness (e.g., costovertebral angle tenderness) involves percussing the back and is not part of the sequence of a standard abdominal exam. It does not precede auscultation.

D. After palpating the abdomen:
Palpation can stimulate or alter bowel sounds, potentially leading to an inaccurate assessment. Therefore, auscultation should always occur before palpation.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has hepatitis A. The client asks the nurse how he might have contracted the virus. Before responding, which of the following questions should the nurse first ask the client?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has acute gastroenteritis. Which of the following data collection findings should the nurse identify as the priority?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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