A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes insipidus and is receiving vasopressin. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication that the medication is effective?
A decrease in blood pressure
A decrease in blood sugar
A decrease in urine output
A decrease in specific gravity
The Correct Answer is C
A. Vasopressin does not typically affect blood pressure significantly.
B. Vasopressin is not used to lower blood sugar levels; it is primarily used for water retention.
C. Vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH), acts on the kidneys to decrease urine output, making this the expected outcome of therapy.
D. Specific gravity of urine may increase with vasopressin therapy due to decreased urine output, rather than decrease.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. In respiratory acidosis, the pH would be lower than normal due to an excess of carbon dioxide.
B. PaCO2 (partial pressure of carbon dioxide) would be elevated in respiratory acidosis because of inadequate ventilation leading to CO2 retention.
C. Potassium levels may vary depending on other factors but are not directly related to respiratory acidosis.
D. HCO3 (bicarbonate) levels may be normal or increased compensatorily in chronic respiratory acidosis, not necessarily decreased.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Consuming excessive animal protein can increase the risk of kidney stones due to the metabolism of protein leading to increased excretion of calcium and oxalate.
B. Restricting calcium intake is not recommended for preventing calcium oxalate kidney stones. Adequate calcium intake from dietary sources can actually help prevent kidney stone formation by binding to oxalate in the intestines and reducing its absorption.
C. High doses of vitamin C can increase oxalate levels in the urine, which can contribute to the formation of calcium oxalate kidney stones.
D. Adequate fluid intake, typically recommended at least 3 liters (about 100 ounces) per day, helps dilute urine and reduce the concentration of stone-forming substances, thereby reducing the risk of kidney stone formation.
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