A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes insipidus and is receiving vasopressin. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication that the medication is effective?

A decrease in blood pressure

A decrease in blood sugar

A decrease in urine output

A decrease in specific gravity

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   Vasopressin does not typically affect blood pressure significantly.
B.   Vasopressin is not used to lower blood sugar levels; it is primarily used for water retention.
C.   Vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH), acts on the kidneys to decrease urine output, making this the expected outcome of therapy.
D.   Specific gravity of urine may increase with vasopressin therapy due to decreased urine output, rather than decrease.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Infusing hypotonic fluids such as 0.45% sodium chloride can exacerbate hyponatremia in a client with SIADH by further diluting serum sodium levels.
B. Desmopressin acetate is a synthetic form of ADH and would exacerbate the symptoms of SIADH by increasing water reabsorption and further diluting serum sodium levels.
C. Increasing dietary sodium intake would not be appropriate for a client with SIADH, as it would contribute to further fluid retention and exacerbate hyponatremia.
D. Fluid restriction is a key component of managing SIADH to prevent further water retention and dilutional hyponatremia. Restricting fluid intake helps to normalize serum sodium levels by allowing excess water to be excreted.

A. 0.45% sodium chloride B. Dextrose 10% in water C. Lactated Ringer's D. Dextrose 5% in 0.9% sodium chloride

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. 0.45% sodium chloride, also known as half-normal saline, is a hypotonic solution with a lower concentration of sodium than normal serum levels. It can help to lower the sodium levels in a client with hypernatremia by diluting the excess sodium in the body.
B. Dextrose 10% in water is hypertonic and not appropriate for a client with hypernatremia, as it could exacerbate the imbalance.
C. Lactated Ringer's is isotonic and contains sodium in a similar concentration to serum levels, hence it could further increase the sodium levels.
D. Dextrose 5% in 0.9% sodium chloride (also known as D5NS) is a hypertonic solution that contains both dextrose and sodium. It would not be appropriate for a client with hypernatremia, as it could exacerbate the condition.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes insipidus and is receiving vasopressin. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication that the medication is effective?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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