A nurse is caring for a client who has cirrhosis and a prothrombin time of 30 seconds. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer?
Warfarin
Vitamin K
Heparin
Ferrous sulfate
The Correct Answer is B
A. Warfarin:
Warfarin is an anticoagulant that works by inhibiting the synthesis of certain clotting factors, including factors II, VII, IX, and X. While it is used to prevent thromboembolic events, in a client with cirrhosis and an elevated PT, the priority is addressing the coagulation factor deficiency rather than adding an anticoagulant.
B. Vitamin K:
Vitamin K is the antidote for warfarin, and it helps in the synthesis of clotting factors. In cirrhosis, there can be impaired synthesis of clotting factors due to liver dysfunction. Administering vitamin K can aid in correcting coagulation abnormalities.
C. Heparin:
Heparin is another anticoagulant, but it does not reverse the effects of warfarin. It works by a different mechanism and is typically used in acute settings, such as deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism. It is not the primary intervention for an elevated PT in cirrhosis.
D. Ferrous sulfate:
Ferrous sulfate is an iron supplement and is not indicated for the correction of an elevated PT. Iron supplements are typically used to address iron deficiency anemia.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "I'll wear sandals in warm weather":
While wearing sandals in warm weather can be comfortable, it may not provide adequate protection for the feet, especially for individuals with diabetes. Closed, protective shoes are generally recommended to prevent injuries.
B. "I'll put lotion between my toes after drying my feet":
Applying lotion between the toes can create a moist environment, which may increase the risk of fungal infections. It is generally advisable to keep the skin between the toes dry to prevent infections.
C. "I'll check my feet every day for sores and bruises":
This statement is correct. Regular foot checks are crucial for individuals with diabetes to identify any signs of sores, bruises, or other abnormalities early. Early detection and prompt treatment can help prevent complications.
D. "I’ll soak my feet in cool water every night before I go to bed":
Soaking the feet in cool water is generally not recommended, as it can lead to maceration of the skin and increase the risk of fungal infections. Daily inspection and proper hygiene are more important aspects of foot care.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Obstruction of the bile duct:
Biliary cirrhosis can result from chronic obstruction of the bile ducts, leading to damage to the liver tissue. This obstruction can be due to various causes, such as gallstones or strictures.
B. Hepatotoxic medications:
While certain medications can contribute to liver damage, biliary cirrhosis specifically refers to conditions affecting the bile ducts. Hepatotoxic medications may contribute to cirrhosis but not necessarily biliary cirrhosis.
C. Hepatitis C:
Hepatitis C is a viral infection that primarily affects the liver. While chronic hepatitis C infection can lead to cirrhosis, it is not synonymous with biliary cirrhosis.
D. Excessive alcohol consumption:
Excessive alcohol consumption is a common cause of cirrhosis, but biliary cirrhosis specifically refers to cirrhosis resulting from chronic obstruction of the bile ducts.
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