A nurse is teaching students about the use of isotonic solutions. The nurse recognizes which statements made by a student about isotonic solutions are correct. (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
Is used to replace fluid loss
Usually do not provide calories
Does not expand intravascular volume
Mostly do not provide free water
Has the same osmolality as body fluids
Correct Answer : A,B,D,E
A. Is used to replace fluid loss.
Isotonic solutions, such as normal saline (0.9% NaCl) and lactated Ringer's solution, are used to replace fluid loss in situations such as dehydration, surgery, trauma, or other conditions where there is a need for fluid resuscitation.
B. Usually do not provide calories.
Isotonic solutions typically do not contain calories. They are designed primarily for fluid replacement and do not contribute to the nutritional needs of the patient.
C. Does not expand intravascular volume.
This statement is incorrect. Isotonic solutions are used to expand intravascular volume. When infused into the bloodstream, isotonic solutions help restore and maintain adequate blood volume. They do not cause significant shifts of fluids between compartments.
D. Mostly do not provide free water.
Isotonic solutions generally do not provide free water. They have the same osmolality as body fluids, meaning that they do not cause a net movement of water into or out of cells, and they maintain the osmotic balance.
E. Has the same osmolality as body fluids.
Isotonic solutions have the same osmolality as body fluids, which means they do not cause a net movement of water into or out of cells. This characteristic makes them suitable for situations where there is a need to expand intravascular volume without causing significant shifts in fluid compartments.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Regular insulin:
Regular insulin, also known as short-acting insulin, is commonly used in the initial management of diabetic ketoacidosis. It has a relatively rapid onset of action, making it suitable for addressing the acute and severe nature of DKA.
B. Insulin detemir:
Insulin detemir is a long-acting insulin analog. It is not the preferred choice for addressing the acute insulin needs in DKA; instead, it is used for basal insulin requirements in the maintenance phase of diabetes management.
C. Insulin glargine:
Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin analog used for basal insulin coverage. Like insulin detemir, it is not the first choice for addressing the acute insulin needs in the initial treatment of DKA.
D. NPH insulin:
NPH (Neutral Protamine Hagedorn) insulin is an intermediate-acting insulin. While it has a role in diabetes management, it is not the preferred choice for the initial treatment of DKA. NPH insulin has a slower onset and longer duration compared to regular insulin.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Provide oral hygiene.
Providing oral hygiene is important for the client's comfort and overall well-being. However, in the context of acute pancreatitis, the immediate priority is to address the gastrointestinal symptoms and prevent further pancreatic stimulation.
B. Assist the client to a side-lying position.
Assisting the client to a side-lying position can be beneficial for comfort and may help prevent complications such as aspiration. However, it is not the immediate priority after treating the pain. Withholding oral fluids and food takes precedence in the initial management of acute pancreatitis.
C. Auscultate the client's lungs.
Auscultating the client's lungs is a routine nursing assessment and is important for respiratory monitoring. However, in the context of acute pancreatitis, the primary focus is on addressing gastrointestinal symptoms, and respiratory assessment becomes more critical if respiratory distress is suspected.
D. Withhold oral fluids and food.
Withholding oral fluids and food is the priority intervention after treating the pain in acute pancreatitis. This is done to reduce pancreatic stimulation, allowing the pancreas to rest and recover. NPO (nothing by mouth) status is often initiated in the early management of acute pancreatitis.
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