A nurse is caring for a client who has a history of diabetes mellitus and is being admitted to the unit confused, flushed, and with an acetone odor on the breath. Diabetic ketoacidosis is suspected. The nurse should anticipate using which of the following types of insulin to treat this client?
Regular insulin
Insulin detemir
Insulin glargine
NPH insulin
The Correct Answer is A
A. Regular insulin:
Regular insulin, also known as short-acting insulin, is commonly used in the initial management of diabetic ketoacidosis. It has a relatively rapid onset of action, making it suitable for addressing the acute and severe nature of DKA.
B. Insulin detemir:
Insulin detemir is a long-acting insulin analog. It is not the preferred choice for addressing the acute insulin needs in DKA; instead, it is used for basal insulin requirements in the maintenance phase of diabetes management.
C. Insulin glargine:
Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin analog used for basal insulin coverage. Like insulin detemir, it is not the first choice for addressing the acute insulin needs in the initial treatment of DKA.
D. NPH insulin:
NPH (Neutral Protamine Hagedorn) insulin is an intermediate-acting insulin. While it has a role in diabetes management, it is not the preferred choice for the initial treatment of DKA. NPH insulin has a slower onset and longer duration compared to regular insulin.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Cheddar cheese:
Cheddar cheese is high in fat, and individuals with a history of pancreatitis are often advised to limit their fat intake. High-fat foods can stimulate the pancreas to release digestive enzymes, potentially triggering or exacerbating pancreatitis.
B. Vegetable soup:
Depending on the ingredients, vegetable soup may or may not be high in fat. The key consideration is to choose soups that are not prepared with excessive amounts of fat or oil.
C. Noodles:
Noodles, by themselves, are not high in fat. However, the choice of sauce or toppings can impact the overall fat content of the meal. It's important to consider the entire composition of the dish.
D. Baked fish:
Baked fish is generally a lean protein source and is lower in fat compared to some other protein sources. Baked fish is often considered a suitable choice for individuals with a history of pancreatitis.
Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Encourage weight lifting during physical therapy:
Encouraging weight lifting or strenuous physical activities might not be advisable for individuals with advanced cirrhosis. Engaging in intense physical activity could potentially strain the liver or increase the risk of injury or bleeding, which is already heightened in individuals with cirrhosis.
B. Measure the client's abdominal girth:
Monitoring the client's abdominal girth is essential because cirrhosis can lead to the accumulation of fluid in the abdomen, known as ascites. Changes in abdominal girth can indicate the progression or resolution of ascites, guiding treatment and interventions.
C. Administer warfarin:
Administering warfarin, an anticoagulant, might not be ideal in cirrhosis due to the increased risk of bleeding. Liver dysfunction in cirrhosis can impair the production of clotting factors, increasing the risk of bleeding complications.
D. Administer furosemide:
Furosemide, a diuretic, can be utilized in managing ascites by promoting the elimination of excess fluid. However, its use requires careful monitoring, considering the electrolyte balance and potential adverse effects, especially in individuals with liver impairment.
E. Implement a low-sodium diet:
A low-sodium diet is crucial in managing cirrhosis-related complications, particularly ascites and edema. Sodium restriction helps reduce fluid retention, lessening the burden on the liver and alleviating symptoms associated with fluid accumulation.
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