A nurse is caring for a client who has aphasia following a stroke. A family member asks the nurse how she should communicate with the client. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?

"Use simple, childlike statements when speaking."

"Incorporate nonverbal cues in the conversation."

"Use a higher-pitched tone of voice when speaking."

"Ask multiple choice questions as part of the conversation."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Aphasia is a language disorder that aﬀects the ability to understand or produce speech. It can be caused by damage to the brain regions that control language, such as from a stroke. Depending on the type and severity of aphasia, the client may have difficulty with comprehension, expression, reading, or writing. Communication strategies for clients with aphasia include using nonverbal cues, such as gestures, facial expressions, pictures, or objects, to supplement verbal messages and enhance understanding.

The other options are not correct because:

a. "Use simple, childlike statements when speaking." This statement is incorrect because it is patronizing and disrespectful to the client. The client's cognitive and intellectual abilities are not aﬀected by aphasia, only their language skills. The nurse should use simple and clear sentences, but not childish or demeaning ones.

c. "Use a higher-pitched tone of voice when speaking." This statement is incorrect because it is unnecessary and may be irritating to the client. The client's hearing is not aﬀected by aphasia, only their language processing. The nurse should use a normal tone of voice and speak slowly and clearly.

d. "Ask multiple choice questions as part of the conversation." This statement is incorrect because it may be confusing and frustrating to the client. The client may have difficulty with verbal output or comprehension, and

multiple choice questions may add to their cognitive load. The nurse should ask yes or no questions or use gestures or pictures to elicit responses from the client.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse should identify that this client has multiple risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as hypertension, obesity, and smoking. These factors can increase the risk of atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease.

Depression is wrong because it is not directly related to the client's physical examination findings. Depression may have other risk factors, such as genetics, stress, trauma, or substance abuse.

Thyroid disease is wrong because it is not directly related to the client's physical examination findings. Thyroid disease may have other risk factors, such as autoimmune disorders, iodine deficiency, or radiation exposure.

Testicular cancer is wrong because it is not directly related to the client's physical examination findings. Testicular cancer may have other risk factors, such as cryptorchidism, family

A. "I'll be glad when I can stop taking this medicine." B. "I have made an appointment to see my dentist next week." C. "I will notify my doctor before taking any other medications." D. "I know that I cannot switch brands of this medication."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Phenytoin is an anticonvulsant medication that is used to prevent and treat seizures. It works by stabilizing the electrical activity of the brain and reducing the spread of abnormal impulses. Phenytoin is usually taken for life or until the seizures are controlled by other means, such as surgery or diet. The client should not stop taking phenytoin without consulting their doctor, as this can cause withdrawal symptoms or increase the risk of seizures.

The other options are correct and indicate that the client understands the discharge teaching because:

"I have made an appointment to see my dentist next week." This statement is correct because phenytoin can cause gingival hyperplasia, which is an overgrowth of gum tissue that can lead to bleeding, infection, or difficulty chewing. The client should practice good oral hygiene and see their dentist regularly to prevent or treat this condition.

"I will notify my doctor before taking any other medications." This statement is correct because phenytoin can interact with many other medications, such as antibiotics, anticoagulants, oral contraceptives, or antacids. These interactions can aﬀect the blood levels and eﬀectiveness of phenytoin or the other medications, causing adverse eﬀects or reduced seizure control. The client should inform their doctor of any other medications they are taking or planning to take, including over-the-counter, herbal, or dietary supplements.
"I know that I cannot switch brands of this medication." This statement is correct because diﬀerent brands of phenytoin may have diﬀerent formulations or bioavailability, which can aﬀect the absorption and metabolism of the drug. Switching brands can cause changes in the blood levels and eﬀectiveness of phenytoin, leading to toxicity or reduced seizure control. The client should always use the same brand of phenytoin and check with their pharmacist if they notice any changes in the appearance or labeling of their medication.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has aphasia following a stroke. A family member asks the nurse how she should communicate with the client. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is performing discharge teaching for a client who has seizures and a new prescription for phenytoin. Which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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