A nurse is caring for a client who has an infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. The nurse understands that this microorganism belongs to what group of bacteria?

Gram-positive cocci

Gram-negative cocci

Gram-positive bacilli

Gram-negative bacilli

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason:

Gram-positive cocci are bacteria that have a spherical shape and stain purple with Gram stain due to their thick peptidoglycan cell wall. Streptococcus pyogenes is an example of gram-positive cocci that can cause infections such as pharyngitis, impetigo, cellulitis, necrotizing fasciitis, or rheumatic fever.

Choice B reason:

Gram-negative cocci are bacteria that have a spherical shape and stain pink with Gram stain due to their thin peptidoglycan cell wall and outer membrane. Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Neisseria meningitidis are examples of gram-negative cocci that can cause infections such as gonorrhea, meningitis, or septicemia.

Choice C reason:

Gram-positive bacilli are bacteria that have a rod-shaped shape and stain purple with Gram stain due to their thick peptidoglycan cell wall. Bacillus anthracis and Clostridium botulinum are examples of gram-positive bacilli that can cause infections such as anthrax, botulism, or tetanus.

Choice D reason:

Gram-negative bacilli are bacteria that have a rod-shaped shape and stain pink with Gram stain due to their thin peptidoglycan cell wall and outer membrane. Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are examples of gram-negative bacilli that can cause infections such as urinary tract infection, wound infection, or sepsis.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice D reason:

Malignant neoplasia of bone marrow cells. Leukemia is a type of cancer that originates from the abnormal and uncontrolled growth of hematopoietic stem cells or progenitor cells in the bone marrow. These cells can proliferate and differentiate into various types of blood cells, such as lymphocytes, granulocytes, monocytes, or erythrocytes. Leukemia can be classified by the type of cell involved (myeloid or lymphoid) and the rate of progression (acute or chronic).

Choice A reason:

Benign neoplasia of blood cells is not a correct term for leukemia, as leukemia is a malignant condition that can invade and destroy normal blood cells and tissues. Benign neoplasia of blood cells is a rare condition that involves the overproduction of normal blood cells, such as polycythemia vera or essential thrombocythemia.

Choice B reason:

Malignant neoplasia of blood cells is not a correct term for leukemia, as leukemia does not originate from blood cells, but from bone marrow cells. Malignant neoplasia of blood cells is a term that can be used for lymphoma, which is a type of cancer that originates from lymphocytes in the lymphatic system.

Choice C reason:

Benign neoplasia of bone marrow cells is not a correct term for leukemia, as leukemia is a malignant condition that can spread to other organs or systems. Benign neoplasia of bone marrow cells is a term that can be used for myelodysplastic syndrome, which is a condition that involves the abnormal development and maturation of bone marrow cells.

A. Restrict fluid intake B. Monitor neurological status C. Administer hypotonic IV fluids D. Encourage foods high in sodium E. Provide oral hygiene frequently

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Restricting fluid intake is not an action that the nurse should take for a client who has hypernatremia. Fluid restriction can worsen hypernatremia by increasing the concentration of sodium in the blood. Fluid intake should be increased or replaced with isotonic or hypotonic fluids to dilute sodium and correct hypernatremia.

Choice B reason:

Monitoring neurological status is an action that the nurse should take for a client who has hypernatremia. Hypernatremia can cause neurological symptoms such as confusion, agitation, seizures, coma, and death due to cellular dehydration and brain shrinkage. The nurse should assess the client's level of consciousness, orientation, memory, behavior, and reflexes regularly and report any changes or deterioration.

Choice C reason:

Administering hypotonic IV fluids is an action that the nurse should take for a client who has hypernatremia. Hypotonic fluids have a lower concentration of solutes than normal body fluids and can help lower serum sodium levels by moving water into the cells from the blood vessels. The nurse should administer hypotonic fluids slowly and carefully to avoid fluid overload or cerebral edema.

Choice D reason:

Encouraging foods high in sodium is not an action that the nurse should take for a client who has hypernat

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A nurse is caring for a client who has an infection caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. The nurse understands that this microorganism belongs to what group of bacteria?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has leukemia. The nurse understands that this condition is characterized by what type of neoplasia?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has hypernatremia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer is ["B","C","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The nurse understands that this condition is caused by what type of hypersensitivity?

A nurse is caring for a client who has Graves' disease. The nurse understands that this condition is caused by what type of hypersensitivity? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is caring for a client who has liver failure due to alcohol abuse. The nurse observes that the client has ascites, which is an accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity. The nurse understands that this condition is caused by:

A nurse is teaching a client who has a family history of breast cancer about the risk factors and prevention strategies. The nurse informs the client that one of the cellular adaptations that can increase the risk of breast cancer is:

A nurse is caring for a client who has an infected surgical wound on his abdomen. The nurse notes that the wound has redness, warmth, swelling, pain, and purulent drainage. The nurse recognizes these findings as indicative of what stage of inflammation?