A nurse is caring for a client who has an admitted diagnosis of renal calculi and medical history of hypertension and gout. The client works 6 days of the week outside in temperatures between 32.2° C to 37.8° C (90° F to 100° F). Which of the following should the nurse tell the client to prevent a reoccurrence of renal calculi?

Eat a diet high in calcium oxalate-rich foods.

Drink plenty of fluids during the day.

Eat a diet high in purine-rich foods.

Continue to take your prescribed gout medication.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Eat a diet high in calcium oxalate-rich foods: This is incorrect. A diet high in oxalate can promote stone formation, so it should be avoided.

B. Drink plenty of fluids during the day. Adequate hydration is the most important strategy to prevent the formation of renal calculi, especially in hot climates where fluid loss through sweat increases the risk.

C. Eat a diet high in purine-rich foods: This is incorrect. Purine-rich foods can increase uric acid levels and contribute to uric acid stone formation, especially in clients with gout.

D. Continue to take your prescribed gout medication: While this is important for managing gout, it does not directly prevent renal calculi, so it is not the most relevant intervention.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. A history of chronic headaches and migraines: While chronic headaches and migraines can affect overall health, they are not directly related to pyelonephritis.

B. A history of gastrointestinal issues such as irritable bowel syndrome: Gastrointestinal issues like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) are generally unrelated to kidney function or urinary tract infections.

C. A history of cardiovascular problems such as hypertension: While hypertension can have indirect effects on renal function, it is not a common historical detail specifically associated with pyelonephritis.

D. A history of frequent urinary tract infections: Frequent urinary tract infections (UTIs) are a significant risk factor for developing pyelonephritis, as the infection can ascend from the bladder to the kidneys.

A. Overdose B. Chronic Kidney Disease C. Hypertension D. Dehydration

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Overdose: The patient has ingested a large quantity of unknown pills, leading to severe metabolic acidosis, high anion gap, and possible toxic accumulation. Dialysis is often indicated to clear toxins in the case of overdose, especially if renal function is impaired (as indicated by elevated creatinine).

B. Chronic Kidney Disease: While chronic kidney disease may eventually require dialysis, the acute overdose and metabolic acidosis are the more immediate concerns requiring urgent dialysis.

C. Hypertension: Hypertension may require management, but it is not the primary reason to initiate urgent dialysis in this scenario. The overdose and metabolic acidosis take precedence.

D. Dehydration: Dehydration alone does not necessitate dialysis. However, the overdose, metabolic acidosis, and renal impairment are the critical reasons for initiating dialysis.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

During the process of collecting a comprehensive medical history from a client who has been admitted with pyelonephritis, which of the following symptoms or historical details would the nurse most likely expect the client to report?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is providing education to a client who has recently been diagnosed with Crohn's disease. Which of the following explanations by the nurse best simplifies and explains the disorder in non-medical terms?

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A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has an intestinal obstruction and is receiving continuous gastrointestinal decompression using a nasogastric tube. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

A nurse is assisting with teaching a client who is preoperative for a sigmoid colostomy. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?

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