A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a client who has been newly diagnosed with hepatitis C. The client asks how they could have contracted the virus. Which of the following nurse responses best explains how the client may have become infected with hepatitis C?
"Eating contaminated food or water from an infected source can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C
"Coming into contact with infected blood, such as from that of a dirty needle, can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C.
"Coming into contact with an infected person's bodily fluids, such as saliva, can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C.
"Consuming a large amount of alcohol at one time can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C.”
The Correct Answer is B
A. "Eating contaminated food or water from an infected source can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C." This applies to hepatitis A, not hepatitis C. Hepatitis A is transmitted through the fecal-oral route, whereas hepatitis C is bloodborne.
B. "Coming into contact with infected blood, such as from that of a dirty needle, can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C." Hepatitis C is primarily spread through blood-to-blood contact, most commonly through sharing needles, blood transfusions before widespread blood screening, or needle-stick injuries.
C. "Coming into contact with an infected person's bodily fluids, such as saliva, can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C." Hepatitis C is not commonly spread through casual contact or saliva. The risk of transmission through bodily fluids other than blood is extremely low.
D. "Consuming a large amount of alcohol at one time can cause you to become infected with hepatitis C." Alcohol does not cause hepatitis C, though it can worsen liver damage in individuals already infected with the virus.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Prednisone: Prednisone, a corticosteroid, is often used to reduce inflammation and suppress the immune response during exacerbations of ulcerative colitis. It helps manage the symptoms and prevent further complications.
B. Metronidazole: While used in some gastrointestinal conditions, it is more commonly prescribed for infections related to Crohn’s disease or infections caused by anaerobic bacteria, not for ulcerative colitis exacerbations.
C. Omeprazole: Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor used to reduce stomach acid and is typically indicated for gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) or peptic ulcers, not ulcerative colitis.
D. Loperamide: This antidiarrheal medication should be used with caution in ulcerative colitis, as it can increase the risk of toxic megacolon.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. "Vomiting blood or material that looks like coffee grounds is a serious sign that I need to go to the emergency room." This is a correct understanding. Vomiting blood or coffee-ground material is a sign of gastrointestinal bleeding and requires immediate medical attention.
B. "If I experience severe abdominal pain, I should take an over-the-counter antacid and rest."
Taking an over-the-counter antacid without contacting a healthcare provider for severe pain could mask serious complications, such as recurrent bleeding or perforation, that need immediate medical attention. This statement indicates a need for further teaching.
C. "I should avoid taking NSAIDs like ibuprofen as they can increase my risk of bleeding." This is a correct understanding, as NSAIDs can cause or worsen gastric ulcers and increase the risk of bleeding.
D. "I should immediately report any black, tarry stools to my healthcare provider."This is a correct understanding. Black, tarry stools (melena) indicate upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
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