A nurse is caring for a client who has acute glomerulonephritis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Hematuria.
Polyuria.
Weight loss.
Hypotension.
The Correct Answer is A
Hematuria is the presence of red blood cells in the urine, which can make it appear pink or cola-colored. Hematuria is a common sign of glomerulonephritis, which is inflammation of the tiny filters in the kidneys (glomeruli) that remove waste and excess fluid from the blood. Hematuria occurs because the inflamed glomeruli allow some blood cells to leak into the urine.
Choice B is wrong because polyuria is the production of abnormally large amounts of urine. Polyuria is not a typical feature of acute glomerulonephritis, which may actually cause reduced urine output due to fluid retention and decreased kidney function.
Choice C is wrong because weight loss is not a common symptom of acute glomerulonephritis. On the contrary, weight gain may occur due to fluid retention and edema (swelling) in the face, hands, feet and abdomen.
Choice D is wrong because hypotension is low blood pressure. Hypotension is not usually associated with acute glomerulonephritis, which may cause high blood pressure (hypertension) due to fluid overload and impaired sodium excretion by the kidneys.
Normal ranges for blood pressure are less than 120/80 mmHg for adults. Normal ranges for urine output are about 800 to 2000 mL per day for adults.
Normal ranges for protein in the urine are less than 150 mg per day for adults. Normal ranges for red blood cells in the urine are less than 3 per high-power field for men and less than 5 per high-power field for women.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
This indicates that the child may be experiencing hemorrhage because they are trying to clear the blood from their throat. Frequent swallowing is one of the initial signs of bleeding immediately after tonsillectomy.
Choice A is wrong because elevated pain level is not a specific sign of hemorrhage. Pain is expected after a tonsillectomy and can be managed with medication and fluids.
Choice B is wrong because increased drowsiness is not a specific sign of hemorrhage. Drowsiness can be caused by anesthesia, medication, or dehydration.
Choice D is wrong because diminished breath sounds are not a specific sign of hemorrhage. Diminished breath sounds can be caused by respiratory infection, asthma, or bronchospasm.
Normal ranges for hemoglobin and hematocrit are 11.5 to 15.5 g/dL and 34 to 45% for children, respectively.
Normal ranges for platelet count are 150,000 to 450,000/mm3 for both children and adults. Normal ranges for plasma clotting variables depend on the specific test and method used.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
This is because at 12 weeks of gestation, the uterus is still low in the pelvis and the fetal heart tones are best audible through the fetal back, which is usually located just above the symphysis pubis. The fetal heart rate at this stage is normally between 120 and 180 beats per minute.
Choice B is wrong because measuring the fundal height is not necessary to determine the placement of the ultrasound stethoscope at 12 weeks of gestation. The fundal height is usually measured from 20 weeks of gestation onwards to assess fetal growth and estimate gestational age.
Choice C is wrong because placing the client in a side-lying position prior to assessing the fetal heart rate is not required at 12 weeks of gestation. This position may be helpful later in pregnancy to improve maternal blood flow and oxygen delivery to the fetus, especially if there are signs of fetal distress or hypoxia.
Choice D is wrong because performing Leopold maneuvers prior to auscultating the fetal heart rate is not appropriate at 12 weeks of gestation.
Leopold maneuvers are a series of four steps to palpate the abdomen and determine the fetal position, presentation, lie, and engagement. They are usually performed after 24 weeks of gestation when the fetus is large enough to be felt through the abdominal wall.
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