A nurse is caring for a client who has a suspected ectopic pregnancy at 8 weeks of gestation. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect to identify as consistent with the diagnosis?

Uterine enlargement greater than expected for gestational age

Unilateral, cramp-like abdominal pain

Severe nausea and vomiting

Large amount of vaginal bleeding

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Uterine enlargement greater than expected for gestational age is not a typical manifestation of ectopic pregnancy, because the embryo is implanted outside the uterus, usually in the fallopian tube. The uterus may be slightly enlarged due to hormonal changes, but not more than expected for the gestational age.

Choice B reason: Unilateral, cramp-like abdominal pain is a common manifestation of ectopic pregnancy, because the embryo grows and stretches the fallopian tube, causing inflammation and irritation. The pain may be mild or severe, depending on the size and location of the ectopic pregnancy, and may radiate to the shoulder or back.

Choice C reason: Severe nausea and vomiting is not a specific manifestation of ectopic pregnancy, because it can be caused by other conditions, such as hyperemesis gravidarum, gastroenteritis, or appendicitis. The client may have mild nausea and vomiting due to hormonal changes, but not more than usual for the gestational age.

Choice D reason: Large amount of vaginal bleeding is not a usual manifestation of ectopic pregnancy, because the bleeding is usually internal, into the abdominal cavity. The client may have spotting or light bleeding due to the detachment of the endometrium, but not heavy or profuse bleeding.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: This statement is incorrect, as surfactant is not an antibiotic and does not treat infections. Surfactant is a substance that is naturally produced by the lungs to reduce the surface tension and prevent the alveoli from collapsing. Premature infants may have insufficient surfactant, which can cause RDS.

Choice B reason: This statement is partially true, as surfactant can help reduce episodes of periodic apnea, which is a condition where the newborn stops breathing for more than 20 seconds. However, this is not the main purpose of surfactant therapy, and other interventions, such as oxygen, ventilation, and caffeine, may be needed to treat apnea.

Choice C reason: This statement is correct, as surfactant improves the ability of the baby's lungs to exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide, which are essential for life. Surfactant therapy can improve the lung function, reduce the need for mechanical ventilation, and prevent complications, such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia and pulmonary hemorrhage.

Choice D reason: This statement is false, as surfactant does not affect the level of sedation in the newborn. Surfactant is administered through an endotracheal tube, which may require sedation to reduce discomfort and agitation. The nurse should monitor the newborn's vital signs, oxygen saturation, and pain level during and after the procedure.

A. Placenta previa B. Prolapsed cord C. Incompetent cervix D. Abruptio placentae

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Placenta previa is a condition where the placenta covers the cervix partially or completely. It can cause painless vaginal bleeding, but not abdominal pain.

Choice B reason: Prolapsed cord is a condition where the umbilical cord slips through the cervix and protrudes into the vagina or beyond. It can cause fetal distress, but not abdominal pain or vaginal bleeding.

Choice C reason: Incompetent cervix is a condition where the cervix dilates prematurely and painlessly. It can cause preterm labor and delivery, but not abdominal pain or vaginal bleeding.

Choice D reason: Abruptio placentae is a condition where the placenta separates from the uterine wall before delivery. It can cause severe abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, and fetal distress. It is a medical emergency that requires immediate intervention.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has a suspected ectopic pregnancy at 8 weeks of gestation. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect to identify as consistent with the diagnosis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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