A nurse is caring for a client who had a stroke and is having difficulty swallowing. Which of the following referrals should the nurse make for the client?
Physical therapy
Speech therapy
Respiratory therapy
Occupational therapy
The Correct Answer is B
A. Physical therapy: Physical therapists focus on improving mobility, balance, and strength. While important after a stroke, they do not primarily address swallowing difficulties.
B. Speech therapy: Speech-language pathologists assess and treat dysphagia (swallowing disorders) and communication difficulties. Referral to speech therapy ensures the client receives appropriate evaluation and interventions to prevent aspiration and maintain nutrition.
C. Respiratory therapy: Respiratory therapists manage airway and pulmonary function issues. They may assist if complications like aspiration pneumonia occur, but they do not directly treat swallowing difficulties.
D. Occupational therapy: Occupational therapists help with activities of daily living and adaptive strategies for self-care. While they may assist with feeding techniques or positioning, they do not specialize in swallowing assessments or interventions.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Atrial fibrillation: This dysrhythmia is characterized by an irregularly irregular rhythm with absent or unidentifiable P waves, not a prolonged constant P-R interval.
B. Premature atrial complexes: PACs involve early P waves that may have a normal or slightly different P-R interval, but they do not cause a consistently prolonged P-R interval across all beats.
C. First-degree atrioventricular block: A constant P-R interval greater than 0.20 seconds indicates a first-degree AV block. The atrial impulses are delayed at the AV node, but all impulses are conducted to the ventricles, producing a regular rhythm with prolonged P-R intervals.
D. Complete heart block: In complete heart block (third-degree AV block), there is no relationship between P waves and QRS complexes. The P-R interval is variable, unlike the constant prolongation seen in first-degree AV block.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "Wear a pair of disposable briefs at bedtime.": Using briefs may provide protection against leakage but does not address the underlying bladder control issue. Bladder retraining focuses on strengthening muscles and establishing voiding schedules.
B. "Limit oral fluid intake to 1,000 milliliters per day.": Restricting fluids can lead to dehydration and urinary tract infections. Adequate hydration is important for bladder health, and fluid restriction is not a recommended strategy for retraining.
C. "Practice pelvic-floor exercises regularly.": Pelvic-floor (Kegel) exercises strengthen the muscles that support bladder control, improve continence, and are a key component of bladder retraining programs. Consistent practice enhances effectiveness over time.
D. "Drink 8 ounces of citrus juice per day.": Citrus juice is not necessary for bladder retraining and may irritate the bladder in some individuals. Dietary recommendations should focus on overall hydration and bladder-friendly fluids rather than specific juices.
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