A nurse is caring for a client

Exhibits

A nurse is reviewing the client's electronic medical record. Which of the following findings requires follow-up?

Select all that apply.

This statement indicates that the client understands the need to avoid activities that can increase intraocular pressure, such as lifting heavy objects, bending over, coughing, or straining. An increase in intraocular pressure can cause complications such as bleeding, inflammation, or recurrent detachment of the retina.

Choice B is wrong because sewing is a near-vision activity that can cause eye strain and fatigue. The client should avoid near-vision activities for at least two weeks after surgery.

Choice C is wrong because jogging is a vigorous exercise that can cause jarring movements and increase blood pressure. The client should avoid vigorous exercise for at least six weeks after surgery.

Choice D is wrong because bending at the waist can increase intraocular pressure and compromise the healing of the retina. The client should avoid bending at the waist for at least two weeks after surgery.

The retina is the light-sensitive layer of tissue that lines the back of the eye.

It converts light into electrical signals that are sent to the brain through the optic nerve.

A detached retina occurs when the retina separates from its underlying tissue due to a tear, hole, or break in the retina.

This can cause vision loss or blindness if not treated promptly.

The most common treatment for a detached retina is a surgery called vitrectomy. It typically involves three main steps:

• The vitreous gel inside the eye must be removed.
• A gas bubble is injected into the eye to hold the retina against its underlying tissue while allowing it to heal.
• Laser or cryotherapy creates scar tissue that helps reattach the retina.

The recovery time after retinal detachment surgery varies depending on the type and extent of the detachment, the type of surgery, and the individual healing process of the client.

Some general guidelines to follow after retinal detachment surgery are:

• Rest your eyes for at least two weeks after the surgery.
• Wear sunglasses when outdoors, as bright light may cause discomfort and strain on the eye that has been operated upon.
• If your doctor recommends, use artificial tears every few hours to keep moisture in the eye and lubricate it correctly.
• Take your medicines as directed by your doctor.
• You may use ice on your eye to reduce swelling

A noncoring needle is a special type of needle that has a beveled tip and a side hole. It is designed to prevent damage to the port’s septum, which is the soft silicone top that serves as the vein access point. A noncoring needle also reduces the risk of infection and clotting.

Choice A is wrong because a butterfly needle is a small, winged needle that is used for peripheral venous access, not for accessing a port. A butterfly needle can damage the port’s septum and cause leakage or infection.

Choice B is wrong because an angiocatheter is a thin, plastic tube that is inserted into a vein using a needle.

It is used for short-term IV therapy, not for accessing a port. An angiocatheter can also damage the port’s septum and cause complications.

Choice C is wrong because a 25-gauge needle is too small to access a port.

A 25-gauge needle is typically used for subcutaneous injections, not for intravenous injections. A 25-gauge needle can also clog the port or cause hemolysis (breakdown of red blood cells).

Normal ranges for ports vary depending on the type and size of the port, but generally they have a reservoir diameter of 1.5 to 2.5 cm, a catheter length of 40 to 60 cm, and a catheter diameter of 0.8 to 1.2 mm. Ports are usually flushed with saline or heparin solution every 4 to 6 weeks when not in use to prevent clotting.