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A nurse is caring for a client in the second stage of labor who does not want any tools used to assist with the vaginal birth. Which of the following interventions should the nurse understand will help prevent an assisted vaginal birth? (Select All that Apply.)

A.

Change client position every 30 min

B.

Upright positions

C.

Supine positions

D.

Lateral positions

E.

Delayed pushing

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D

A) Change client position every 30 minutes:
Changing positions regularly during the second stage of labor can help facilitate fetal descent and improve the effectiveness of contractions. This strategy also helps relieve pressure on certain areas of the body, such as the perineum and lower back, promoting more effective pushing and reducing the need for assisted delivery. Frequent position changes can help the mother progress in labor without the need for tools or interventions.

B) Upright positions:
Upright positions, such as standing, squatting, or kneeling, can be beneficial in the second stage of labor. These positions allow gravity to assist in the descent of the baby, which can help avoid the need for forceps or vacuum extraction. Upright positions also tend to open up the pelvis and can result in more effective pushing, reducing the likelihood of an assisted vaginal delivery.

C) Supine positions:
Supine positions (lying on the back) are not recommended for avoiding an assisted vaginal birth. Lying on the back can hinder fetal descent and may also lead to increased pressure on the inferior vena cava, which can decrease blood flow and oxygen to the uterus. This position tends to slow down labor and may increase the need for interventions like forceps or vacuum extraction, making it less favorable for a spontaneous vaginal delivery.

D) Lateral positions:
Lateral positions (lying on one side) can also help in the second stage of labor. This position can improve uterine blood flow, relieve pressure on the perineum, and provide more room for the baby to descend. It is a good alternative to supine positions and can aid in achieving a vaginal birth without assistance.

E) Delayed pushing:
Delayed pushing can be helpful for some clients, especially if they are not fully dilated or if they need time to rest. However, delayed pushing is not directly related to preventing an assisted vaginal birth. In fact, if the mother waits too long to push or doesn't push effectively, it could potentially lead to more complications or require assisted interventions. The key is ensuring that pushing is done effectively and at the right time in the second stage, rather than delaying it unnecessarily.
 


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is ["B","E"]

Explanation

A) Fusion of labia in female genitalia:
Fusion of the labia in a female newborn is not an expected finding. This could indicate a condition such as labial adhesion or an abnormality in the development of the genitalia. Normally, the labia in a female newborn are separated. Any signs of fusion would require further evaluation by the healthcare provider.

B) Erythema toxicum on newborn's skin:
Erythema toxicum is a common and expected finding in newborns, usually appearing within the first 2–3 days of life. It consists of small, red papules or pustules on a red base, often described as a "flea-bitten" appearance. This rash is benign and resolves on its own within a few days to weeks. It is not associated with any infection or underlying health issues.

C) Hypospadias is noted in the male newborn:
Hypospadias, a condition where the urethral opening is located on the underside of the penis rather than at the tip, is not an expected finding in all newborn males. While it occurs in a small percentage of male infants, it is a congenital anomaly that would require further assessment and possibly surgical correction. It is not considered a normal finding in a newborn.

D) Presence of syndactyly in extremities:
Syndactyly, the condition where two or more fingers or toes are fused together, is not a normal finding in newborns. While it is a congenital anomaly that can occur in some infants, it is not expected and requires further evaluation and possibly surgical intervention depending on the severity.

E) Negative Ortolani sign:
A negative Ortolani sign is an expected and normal finding in a newborn. The Ortolani maneuver is used to assess for hip dislocation, and a negative result indicates that the hip is stable and not dislocated. If the Ortolani sign were positive, it would suggest the presence of a developmental hip dysplasia, which would require further diagnostic evaluation. A negative sign is considered typical and reassuring.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Naegele's Rule is a method used to estimate the due date of a pregnancy. It involves the following steps:

  1. Start with the first day of the client's last menstrual period (LMP).
  2. Add one year.
  3. Subtract three months.
  4. Add seven days.

Using the client's LMP of September 17:

  1. Start with September 17.
  2. Add one year: September 17, the following year.
  3. Subtract three months: June 17 of the following year.
  4. Add seven days: June 24.

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