A nurse is caring for a client.

Exhibit 1

Medical History

0800:

Client has a history of hyperlipidemia, rheumatoid arthritis, and hypertension.

Client has a BMI of 32.

Client has a family history of colon cancer.

The nurse is reviewing the client's medical record. Which of the following findings places the client at risk for heart disease? (Select all that apply.)

A. Family history: A family history of heart disease can increase an individual's risk of developing heart disease themselves, as genetic factors play a role in cardiovascular conditions.

B. Fasting glucose level: Elevated fasting glucose levels, indicative of diabetes or prediabetes, can contribute to heart disease risk. Diabetes is a significant risk factor for heart disease and can lead to complications such as atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease.

C. History of hyperlipidemia: Hyperlipidemia refers to elevated levels of lipids (cholesterol and triglycerides) in the blood. High levels of LDL cholesterol ("bad" cholesterol) and low levels of HDL cholesterol ("good" cholesterol) are associated with an increased risk of heart disease.

D. History of rheumatoid arthritis: Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune condition that involves inflammation in the joints. Chronic inflammation associated with rheumatoid arthritis can affect blood vessels and increase the risk of heart disease and cardiovascular events.

E. History of hypertension: Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a major risk factor for heart disease. It puts added strain on the heart and blood vessels, increasing the risk of atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and other heart-related complications.

F. Cholesterol level: Elevated levels of LDL cholesterol ("bad" cholesterol) and triglycerides, as well as low levels of HDL cholesterol ("good" cholesterol), are associated with an increased risk of heart disease.

A. Garlic: Garlic supplements have been studied for their potential benefits in reducing blood pressure. Some research suggests that garlic may have a modest effect in lowering blood pressure, although results have been mixed. It contains compounds that may promote relaxation of blood vessels and improve circulation, potentially leading to a reduction in blood pressure.

B. Peppermint oil: Peppermint oil is not typically used as a complementary therapy for hypertension. While it may have some health benefits, such as relieving indigestion and nausea, there is limited evidence to suggest that it has a significant impact on blood pressure.

C. Licorice root: Licorice root has been associated with raising blood pressure in some individuals due to its effect on cortisol levels. It contains glycyrrhizin, which can cause sodium retention and potassium loss, potentially leading to increased blood pressure. Therefore, it is not recommended for individuals with hypertension.

D. Chamomile: Chamomile is often used for its calming properties and may help promote relaxation and reduce stress, but there is limited evidence to suggest that it has a significant effect on blood pressure. It is not typically recommended as a primary complementary therapy for hypertension.