A nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with heart failure and atrial fibrillation. The client reports feeling palpitations and shortness of breath. The nurse is aware that clients with atrial fibrillation are at risk for which complication?
Hypertensive crisis
Cardiogenic shock
Embolic cerebral vascular accident
Flash pulmonary edema
The Correct Answer is C
A. Hypertensive crisis is not a direct complication of atrial fibrillation. It is typically caused by uncontrolled hypertension rather than arrhythmias.
B. Cardiogenic shock can occur in severe heart failure but is not a primary complication of atrial fibrillation.
C. Embolic cerebral vascular accident (stroke) is a major risk for clients with atrial fibrillation. The irregular atrial contractions allow blood to pool in the atria, increasing the risk of clot formation. If a clot dislodges, it can travel to the brain and cause a stroke.
D. Flash pulmonary edema is a complication of acute decompensated heart failure but is not directly caused by atrial fibrillation.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"B","dropdown-group-2":"D"}
Explanation
- D-dimer is a blood test used to detect fibrin degradation products, which are elevated in conditions involving clot formation, such as deep vein thrombosis (DVT).
- Venous duplex ultrasound is the gold standard for diagnosing DVT, as it provides real-time imaging of blood flow and clot presence in the veins.
- Prothrombin time is a coagulation test used to assess clotting function but does not confirm DVT.
- Chest X-ray is not used to diagnose DVT but may be ordered if a pulmonary embolism (PE) is suspected.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Atrial fibrillation is characterized by an irregularly irregular rhythm with no distinct P waves on the ECG. Instead, there are fibrillatory waves due to chaotic atrial activity, and the ventricular rate may be rapid or controlled.
B. Junctional rhythm originates from the AV node and is typically characterized by absent or inverted P waves, a narrow QRS complex, and a regular rhythm.
C. First-degree heart block presents with a prolonged PR interval (>0.20 seconds) but has a regular rhythm and identifiable P waves preceding each QRS complex.
D. Sinus tachycardia is a regular rhythm with a heart rate greater than 100 beats per minute, with distinct P waves before each QRS complex.
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