A nurse is caring for a child with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia. What clinical findings does the nurse anticipate when assessing the child? Select all that apply.

Fatigue

Generalized edema

Pallor

Jaundice

Multiple bruises

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,E

A. Fatigue: Children with ALL often experience fatigue and weakness due to decreased red blood cell and platelet production as a result of bone marrow involvement by leukemia cells.

C. Pallor: Pallor, or paleness, is a common finding in children with ALL because of anemia (reduced red blood cell count).

E. Multiple bruises: Children with ALL may have an increased tendency to bruise and bleed due to low platelet counts, making them susceptible to easy bruising and petechiae.

The other options, B (Generalized edema) and D (Jaundice), are not typical clinical findings associated with ALL. Generalized edema is not a common symptom, and jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes) is more commonly associated with liver conditions, not leukemia.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Demonstrating independent dressing is usually not expected at 18 months. Toddlers are still developing fine motor skills and may need assistance with dressing.

B. Using a vocabulary of 300 words is advanced for an 18-month-old. At this age, most children have a more limited vocabulary, typically around 50 words or so.

C. Jump with both feet.

At 18 months of age, children are usually developing their motor skills, including gross motor skills like walking, running, and jumping. Jumping with both feet is an age-appropriate milestone for a toddler of this age.

D. Walking upstairs with one hand held is typically not expected at 18 months. This is a skill that develops later as toddlers gain more confidence in their mobility and coordination.

A. Hypernatremia and Diabetes Insipidus B. Hyponatremia and Diabetes insipidus C. Hyponatremia and Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH) D. Hypernatremia and Syndrome of inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH)

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Hypernatremia and Diabetes Insipidus.

The symptoms described, including dry mucous membranes, high urinary output, and seizures, are consistent with hypernatremia, which is an elevated level of sodium in the blood, and Diabetes Insipidus (DI).

Diabetes Insipidus is a condition where the body is unable to properly regulate water balance, leading to excessive thirst and urination. In the presence of DI, water loss is excessive, leading to dehydration, increased sodium levels, and potentially seizures.

B. Hyponatremia and Diabetes Insipidus: This option doesn't align with the symptom of hypernatremia (elevated sodium levels) but suggests low sodium levels (hyponatremia), which would have different symptoms.

C. Hyponatremia and Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH): This option also suggests low sodium levels (hyponatremia) and a different condition (SIADH) characterized by water retention and dilution of the blood, which is not consistent with the described symptoms.

D. Hypernatremia and Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH): This option suggests high sodium levels (hypernatremia) but includes SIADH, which would not result in high urinary output. SIADH is characterized by excessive retention of water, leading to low urinary output and concentrated urine.

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A nurse is caring for a child with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia. What clinical findings does the nurse anticipate when assessing the child? Select all that apply.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

When assessing an 18-month-old toddler, the nurse would expect the child to be able to:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a 2-year-old who is lethargic and irritable after brain tumor surgery. She is noted to have dry mucous membranes and high urinary output. She has had 2 generalized seizures in the past hour. Which of the following is likely causing these symptoms?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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