A nurse is caring for a child with newly diagnosed acute lymphoblastic leukemia. What clinical findings does the nurse anticipate when assessing the child? Select all that apply.
Fatigue
Generalized edema
Pallor
Jaundice
Multiple bruises
Correct Answer : A,C,E
A. Fatigue: Children with ALL often experience fatigue and weakness due to decreased red blood cell and platelet production as a result of bone marrow involvement by leukemia cells.
C. Pallor: Pallor, or paleness, is a common finding in children with ALL because of anemia (reduced red blood cell count).
E. Multiple bruises: Children with ALL may have an increased tendency to bruise and bleed due to low platelet counts, making them susceptible to easy bruising and petechiae.
The other options, B (Generalized edema) and D (Jaundice), are not typical clinical findings associated with ALL. Generalized edema is not a common symptom, and jaundice (yellowing of the skin and eyes) is more commonly associated with liver conditions, not leukemia.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
In transposition of the great vessels (TGV), the aorta and the pulmonary artery are switched, causing oxygen-rich blood to be pumped back to the lungs and oxygen-poor blood to be pumped out to the body. The ductus arteriosus, a fetal blood vessel that normally closes shortly after birth, allows blood to mix between the two circulations.
Prostaglandin E1 is used to keep the ductus arteriosus open, allowing for a controlled mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, which can improve oxygen delivery to the body in cases of TGV. This helps maintain oxygenation until corrective surgical interventions can be performed.
The other options, A (decrease pulmonary congestion), B (stimulate the production of red blood cells), and D (increase blood flow to the system), do not accurately describe the primary purpose of Prostaglandin E1 in the context of TGV. The main goal is to maintain a pathway for oxygenated blood to mix with deoxygenated blood to improve oxygen delivery to the body.
Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]
Explanation
A. Metabolic alkalosis is not a common acid-base imbalance associated with ARF. Instead, metabolic acidosis is more commonly observed due to the retention of metabolic waste products.
B. Water and sodium (Na) retention: In ARF, the kidneys are unable to effectively filter and excrete waste products and excess fluids. This leads to the retention of water and sodium, contributing to fluid overload.
C. Anemia: ARF can lead to decreased erythropoietin production by the kidneys, which can result in anemia due to reduced red blood cell production.
D. Hyperkalemia: The impaired kidney function in ARF may result in the inability to regulate potassium levels. Elevated levels of potassium (hyperkalemia) can be a dangerous complication.
E. Increased urinary output is not a typical finding in ARF. Instead, the hallmark of ARF is a reduction in urine output or oliguria.
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