A nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant who has a prescription for clear liquids by mouth after a repair of an intussusception. Which of the following fluids should the nurse select for the infant?
Half-strength infant formula
Half-strength orange juice
Sterile water
Oral electrolyte solution
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason: Half-strength infant formula is not a clear liquid and should not be given to an infant with intussusception. Infant formula contains proteins, fats, and carbohydrates that can increase the risk of bowel obstruction, infection, and perforation.
Choice B reason: Half-strength orange juice is not a clear liquid and should not be given to an infant with intussusception. Orange juice contains fructose, citric acid, and potassium that can irritate the bowel, cause osmotic diarrhea, and worsen dehydration.
Choice C reason: Sterile water is a clear liquid, but it is not the best choice for an infant with intussusception. Sterile water does not contain any electrolytes or glucose and can dilute the blood sodium level, leading to hyponatremia and seizures.
Choice D reason: Oral electrolyte solution is the best fluid for an infant with intussusception, as it contains the optimal balance of electrolytes and glucose to prevent dehydration and restore fluid balance. Oral electrolyte solution is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) for the management of dehydration in children.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Epiglottitis is a life-threatening condition that causes inflammation and swelling of the epiglottis, the flap of tissue that covers the entrance to the trachea. It can block the airway and cause respiratory distress. The signs and symptoms of epiglottitis include drooling, dysphagia, dysphonia, high fever, and tripod position. Epiglottitis is rare in infants and more common in children aged 2-6 years.
Choice B reason: Bronchiolitis is a viral infection that causes inflammation and mucus production in the bronchioles, the smallest airways in the lungs. It can impair gas exchange and cause respiratory distress. The signs and symptoms of bronchiolitis include sneezing, coughing, nasal congestion, wheezing, tachypnea, retractions, and apneic spells. Bronchiolitis is common in infants and children under 2 years of age, especially during the winter months.
Choice C reason: Influenza is a viral infection that affects the respiratory system. It can cause fever, chills, headache, muscle aches, fatigue, sore throat, cough, and nasal congestion. Influenza can also lead to complications such as pneumonia, otitis media, and sinusitis. Influenza is common in children and adults of all ages, especially during the flu season.
Choice D reason: Croup is a viral infection that causes inflammation and narrowing of the larynx and trachea. It can cause a characteristic barking cough, hoarseness, stridor, and respiratory distress. Croup is common in children aged 6 months to 3 years, especially during the fall and winter months.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason: This is the best option to prevent reflux, as it allows gravity to help keep the stomach contents down. The nurse should advise the parent to keep the baby upright for at least 30 minutes after each feeding.
Choice B reason: Positioning the baby side lying during sleep is not recommended, as it can increase the risk of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). The nurse should instruct the parent to place the baby on the back for sleep, and elevate the head of the crib slightly.
Choice C reason: Thickening the baby's formula with oatmeal may help reduce reflux, but it is not the first choice, as it can cause overfeeding, constipation, or allergic reactions. The nurse should suggest this option only if prescribed by the provider.
Choice D reason: Feeding the baby formula rather than breast milk is not a good option, as breast milk is easier to digest and has many benefits for the baby's health and development. The nurse should encourage the parent to continue breastfeeding, and offer smaller and more frequent feedings.
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