A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who is requesting pain medication. The nurse returns to the bedside to administer the pain medication within the timeframe given to the client. Which of the following ethical principles did the nurse follow?

Fidelity

Justice

Autonomy

Beneficence

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Fidelity: Fidelity involves keeping promises and honoring commitments made to the client. By returning to administer pain medication within the timeframe promised, the nurse demonstrates reliability and maintains trust in the nurse–client relationship.

B. Justice: Justice refers to fairness and equal treatment of all clients. Although important in care delivery, it does not specifically address keeping a promise or following through on a commitment to an individual client.

C. Autonomy: Autonomy supports the client’s right to make informed decisions about their care. While requesting pain medication reflects autonomy, the nurse’s action of returning on time aligns more directly with honoring a commitment.

D. Beneficence: Beneficence involves acting in the client’s best interest by promoting comfort and well-being. Administering pain medication supports beneficence, but the defining ethical principle in this scenario is the nurse’s follow-through on a promise.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Fundus is located 2 cm (0.4 in) below the level of the umbilicus: A fundus slightly below the umbilicus 24 hours postpartum is expected as the uterus involutes. This is a normal finding and does not require immediate reporting unless accompanied by excessive bleeding or other concerning signs.

B. Scant lochia rubra on the perineal pad: Scant lochia rubra is typical within the first 24 hours postpartum, indicating normal uterine shedding. It is expected and does not indicate a complication in the absence of heavy bleeding or foul odor.

C. Non-pitting bilateral peripheral edema: Mild non-pitting edema in the lower extremities can occur postpartum due to fluid shifts and is usually self-limiting. It is not typically emergent unless accompanied by severe swelling, pain, or signs of deep vein thrombosis.

D. Oral temperature of 38.8° C (101° F): An elevated temperature above 38° C 24 hours postpartum may indicate infection, such as endometritis or urinary tract infection. This finding requires immediate reporting to the RN for further assessment and intervention.

A. “I insert needles into meridian lines of my child's body to help with pain relief.” B. "I rub the edge of a coin lengthwise on my child's back when he is sick." C. “I sometimes place a bottle containing steam against my child's skin." D. "I apply petroleum jelly with garlic along my child's wrist to treat infectious disease."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. “I insert needles into meridian lines of my child's body to help with pain relief.”: Inserting needles along meridian lines describes acupuncture, a traditional practice aimed at balancing energy flow. Acupuncture does not involve suction or heated containers placed on the skin.

B. "I rub the edge of a coin lengthwise on my child's back when he is sick.": Rubbing a coin on the back refers to coining, also known as gua sha, which is used to release illness or bad energy. Coining produces linear marks rather than circular suction marks.

C. “I sometimes place a bottle containing steam against my child's skin.": Placing a heated bottle or cup against the skin creates suction as the air cools, which is characteristic of cupping therapy. Cupping commonly leaves circular marks due to localized pressure and increased blood flow.

D. "I apply petroleum jelly with garlic along my child's wrist to treat infectious disease.": Applying garlic with petroleum jelly reflects a topical folk remedy. This specific practice is not formally categorized as cupping or acupuncture

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A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who is requesting pain medication. The nurse returns to the bedside to administer the pain medication within the timeframe given to the client. Which of the following ethical principles did the nurse follow?

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