A nurse is assisting with the admission of a client who has tuberculosis with a productive cough.
Which type of isolation precautions should the nurse initiate for the client?

Choice A rationale:

The nurse should include the instruction to wash hands with soap and water for 20 seconds in the teaching. This is a fundamental aspect of hand hygiene in healthcare settings. The rationale for this choice is that proper handwashing with soap and water for at least 20 seconds is the most effective way to remove dirt, debris, and transient microorganisms from the hands. It helps prevent the spread of infections, including those caused by viruses and bacteria.

Choice B rationale:

Wearing sterile gloves when in contact with body fluids is not directly related to hand hygiene education. While wearing gloves is an essential infection control practice, it is not a substitute for proper handwashing. Hand hygiene should be performed before donning gloves and after removing them.

Choice C rationale:

Using alcohol-based cleanser when hands are visibly soiled is not the best instruction for hand hygiene. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers are effective when hands are not visibly soiled. In cases of visible soiling, handwashing with soap and water is recommended to physically remove dirt and contaminants.

Choice D rationale:

Artificial nails should not be worn when performing direct client care as they can harbor microorganisms and make it challenging to clean the hands adequately. The use of artificial nails can increase the risk of transmitting infections to patients, which is why they should be discouraged in healthcare settings.

Blood pressure: This finding is consistent with preeclampsia, but not HELLP syndrome.Preeclampsia is defined as new-onset hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg) after 20 weeks of gestation, with or without proteinuria.HELLP syndrome is a severe form of preeclampsia that involves hemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets, but does not necessarily cause hypertension. Hemoglobin: This finding is consistent with HELLP syndrome, but not preeclampsia.

Hemolysis is one of the main features of HELLP syndrome, which causes a decrease in hemoglobin levels.Preeclampsia does not typically affect hemoglobin levels, unless there is significant blood loss or hemodilution.

Platelet count: This finding is consistent with both preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome.Low platelets (thrombocytopenia) are a common complication of preeclampsia, especially in severe cases.They are also a diagnostic criterion for HELLP syndrome, which requires a platelet count of less than 100,000/mm3.

Alanine aminotransferase: This finding is consistent with HELLP syndrome, but not preeclampsia.Elevated liver enzymes are another hallmark of HELLP syndrome, which indicates liver damage and inflammation.Preeclampsia may cause mild elevations of liver enzymes, but not to the same extent as HELLP syndrome.