A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the partner of a client who is receiving hospice care about music therapy for pain management. Which of the following statements by the partner indicates an understanding of the teaching?

The correct answer is C. "Close your mouth around the mouthpiece." The rationale for this instruction is that it ensures that the medication reaches the lungs and does not escape through the mouth or nose. Albuterol is a bronchodilator that relaxes muscles in the airways and increases airflow to the lungs. It is used to treat or prevent bronchospasm, or narrowing of the airways, in people with asthma or certain types of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is also used to prevent exercise-induced bronchospasm. Albuterol is delivered through a metered dose inhaler (MDI), which is a device that releases a measured amount of medication with each puff. To use an albuterol MDI correctly, the client should follow these steps :

• Shake the inhaler well before each spray.
• Remove the cap and look at the mouthpiece to make sure it is clean.
• Breathe out fully.
• Put the mouthpiece between your lips and close your mouth around it.
• Press down on the inhaler to release the medication as you start to breathe in slowly.
• Breathe in slowly and deeply over 3 to 5 seconds.
• Hold your breath for 10 seconds to allow the medication to reach your airways.
• Breathe out slowly.
• If you need another puff, wait 1 minute and repeat steps 4 to 8.

Choice A reason:

Discourage physical activity during the day is incorrect. Encouraging physical activity is generally beneficial for individuals with dementia. Regular exercise can improve mood, reduce agitation, and enhance overall health. However, the level and type of physical activity should be tailored to the individual's abilities and preferences.

Choice B reason

Use clothing with buttons and zippers is incorrect. Clothing with buttons and zippers can be challenging for individuals with dementia due to fine motor skill impairments and difficulty with dressing. It is often recommended to use clothing with simple closures, such as Velcro or elastic bands, to make dressing easier and more manageable for the individual.

Choice C reason:

Individuals with dementia may experience difficulties with communication, memory, and problem-solving, which can affect their ability to recognize and express the need to use the restroom. As a result, they may be at risk of urinary or bowel incontinence. To address this concern and promote the client's comfort and dignity, establishing a toileting schedule is essential. A consistent routine for bathroom breaks can help prevent accidents and improve the client's overall well-being.

Choice D reason:

Engage the client in activities that increase sensory stimulation is incorrect. While sensory stimulation activities can be enjoyable and engaging for individuals with dementia, it is essential to select activities that are appropriate and not overwhelming. Some individuals with dementia may become overstimulated, which can lead to agitation or distress. Activities should be tailored to the individual's preferences and abilities.