A nurse is assisting with the admission of a 9-year-old child who has acute rheumatic fever. When obtaining the client's history, it is appropriate for the nurse to ask the parent which of the following questions?

A. Overriding aorta: In Tetralogy of Fallot, the aorta is positioned over the ventricular septal defect (VSD), rather than solely over the left ventricle as it would be in a normal heart. This is called overriding aorta, which allows blood from both the right and left ventricles to enter the aorta.

B. Pulmonary stenosis: This is a critical component of Tetralogy of Fallot. Pulmonary stenosis refers to narrowing of the pulmonary valve or the area just below it, which restricts blood flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary artery. This results in decreased blood flow to the lungs for oxygenation.

C. Left ventricular hypertrophy: This choice is not typically associated with Tetralogy of Fallot. Left ventricular hypertrophy refers to an enlargement or thickening of the muscular wall of the left ventricle of the heart. It is often seen in conditions where the left ventricle has to work harder to pump blood, such as in hypertension or aortic stenosis, but it is not a characteristic feature of Tetralogy of Fallot.

D. Ventricular septal defect: This defect is one of the four components of Tetralogy of Fallot. A ventricular septal defect (VSD) is a hole in the septum, the muscular wall that separates the left and right ventricles of the heart. In Tetralogy of Fallot, the VSD allows oxygen-poor blood from the right ventricle to flow directly into the left ventricle and out to the body.

A. Onlooker play:

Onlooker play is when a child observes others playing without actively participating themselves. This type of play typically involves watching others engage in activities or play without joining in. It does not directly involve role-playing or hands-on activities to prepare a child for surgery.

B. Therapeutic play:

This is the correct answer. Therapeutic play involves using play activities to help children express their feelings, fears, and concerns about medical procedures or hospitalization. It often includes role-playing and hands-on activities such as practicing medical procedures on dolls or stuffed animals. Therapeutic play helps children become familiar with medical equipment and procedures in a non-threatening environment, reducing anxiety and promoting coping skills.

C. Cooperative play:

Cooperative play involves children playing together, interacting, and collaborating in shared activities. While cooperative play can be beneficial for social development, it does not necessarily involve role-playing or hands-on activities specific to preparing a child for surgery.

D. Play therapy:

Play therapy is a form of psychotherapy that uses play to communicate with and help children express their thoughts and emotions. While play therapy can be therapeutic for children dealing with various issues, including medical procedures, it is typically facilitated by a trained therapist rather than being directly utilized to prepare a child for surgery through role-playing or hands-on activities.