A nurse is assisting with teaching a class about stress. The nurse should include that which of the following is a manifestation of prolonged stress?

Impaired immune function

Decreased blood pressure

Hypoglycemia

Anemia

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason : Prolonged stress can lead to impaired immune function. When a person is stressed, the body's stress response can suppress the immune system, making it less effective at fighting off infections. This is because stress hormones like cortisol can inhibit the production and function of white blood cells, such as lymphocytes, which are crucial for the immune response. Additionally, chronic stress can lead to inflammation and reduce the body's ability to respond to immunological challenges, increasing the risk of illness and infection.

Choice B reason : Decreased blood pressure is not typically a manifestation of prolonged stress. In fact, stress can lead to increased blood pressure due to the release of stress hormones that cause vasoconstriction and an increase in heart rate. Over time, this can contribute to hypertension and cardiovascular problems.

Choice C reason : Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, is not a direct manifestation of prolonged stress. However, stress can affect blood sugar levels. For individuals with diabetes, stress can make it harder to control blood sugar as stress hormones can cause blood sugar levels to rise. In non-diabetic individuals, stress typically does not cause hypoglycemia.

Choice D reason : Anemia, a condition characterized by a lack of healthy red blood cells, is not a direct result of prolonged stress. Anemia can be caused by a variety of factors, including nutritional deficiencies, chronic diseases, or genetic conditions, but it is not commonly linked to stress.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason : While nasopharyngeal suctioning may be necessary to clear secretions, it should be done with the client's consent and in a manner that maintains their dignity. It is not the primary action to support dignity.

Choice B reason : Giving the client privacy during care is a fundamental way to support their dignity. It respects their personal space and autonomy, even in a vulnerable state.

Choice C reason : Demonstrating empathy is crucial in end-of-life care, as it acknowledges the client's feelings and experiences. However, it is not an action but rather an approach or attitude.

Choice D reason : Providing care with an optimistic attitude can be supportive, but it must be balanced with realism, especially in end-of-life situations where the focus is on comfort and dignity.

Choice E reason : Telling the client that their condition will improve may not be appropriate in end-of-life care, as it may not be truthful and could undermine trust.

A. Decrease in body fat B. Increase in muscle mass C. Increase in gag reflex D. Decrease in systolic blood pressure

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The correct answer is: a. Decrease in body fat

Choice A: Decrease in body fat

Older adults typically experience a decrease in lean body mass and an increase in body fat percentage. However, the absolute amount of body fat may decrease due to overall weight loss and muscle mass reduction.

Choice B: Increase in muscle mass

This statement is incorrect because muscle mass generally decreases with age due to sarcopenia, a condition characterized by the loss of muscle mass and strength.

Choice C: Increase in gag reflex

This statement is incorrect because the gag reflex often diminishes with age. Older adults may experience a reduced gag reflex due to decreased sensitivity and muscle tone.

Choice D: Decrease in systolic blood pressure

This statement is incorrect because systolic blood pressure usually increases with age due to arterial stiffness and other cardiovascular changes.

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A nurse is assisting with teaching a class about stress. The nurse should include that which of the following is a manifestation of prolonged stress?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who is at the end of life. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to support the client's dignity?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assisting with teaching a class about expected physiological changes in older adult clients. Which of the following changes should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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