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A nurse is assisting with admitting an infant who has diaper dermatitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? (Select All that Apply.)

A.

Change diapers frequently

B.

Allow the buttocks to air-dry

C.

Use commercial baby wipes that are free of alcohol and fragrances to cleanse the area

D.

Apply zinc oxide ointment to the affected area

E.

Apply talcum powder with every diaper change

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,D

A. Change diapers frequently. Frequent diaper changes reduce prolonged contact with moisture, decreasing the risk of dermatitis.
B. Allow the buttocks to air-dry. Air-drying helps to keep the skin dry and allows it to heal, preventing further irritation.
C. Use commercial baby wipes that are free of alcohol and fragrances to cleanse the area. Alcohol and fragrance-free wipes minimize further irritation to the sensitive skin.
D. Apply zinc oxide ointment to the affected area. Zinc oxide creates a protective barrier that helps heal and protect the skin from moisture and irritants.
E. Apply talcum powder with every diaper change. Talcum powder is not recommended as it can be inhaled by the infant and may cause respiratory issues.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"C","dropdown-group-2":"A"}

Explanation

    Immediate priority: The child is febrile (38.9°C) with tachycardia. Fever and low Hgb and platelets suggest possible serious underlying hematologic disorder (e.g., leukemia, bone marrow suppression). Infection is life-threatening in this context. So temperature (fever) should be addressed first. Next concern: The lab values (low Hgb, Hct, platelets) show significant hematologic abnormalities that explain the fatigue, bruising, and petechiae and will guide further treatment (possible transfusion, infection risk management). Incorrect answers:
  • Pain: Although pain management is important for comfort and to improve quality of life, in this scenario, the child’s pain is rated as a 3 on the FLACC scale, which is moderate. Immediate pain does not seem to be the primary or most urgent concern compared to the high fever and potential underlying conditions.
  • Bruising: The presence of bruising in various stages of healing and petechiae suggests a possible underlying hematologic issue or trauma. While concerning and needing further investigation, it does not require immediate intervention compared to the fever.
  • Heart rate: The heart rate is elevated at 150 beats per minute, which could be a response to the fever, pain, or anxiety. Addressing the fever may help in normalizing the heart rate.
  • Respiratory rate: The respiratory rate is elevated but not critically so (normal for a toddler is 20-30 breaths per minute). There is no increased work of breathing noted, so while monitoring is important, it is not the most immediate priority compared to the fever and lab abnormalities.
  • Nasal stuffiness: While nasal congestion can be uncomfortable and contribute to respiratory distress, it is not an immediate threat to the child’s health and can be managed after addressing the fever and the concerning laboratory values.
  • Petechiae: Petechiae are small red or purple spots that can indicate bleeding under the skin and may be associated with a bleeding disorder or infection. However, the underlying cause might be revealed through laboratory investigations, which are prioritized after managing the fever. Immediate intervention for petechiae alone is not usually required unless there is evidence of significant bleeding or other acute symptoms.

    • Correct Answer is C

    Explanation

    A. Keep edematous areas moist and covered. Keeping edematous areas moist and covered can worsen edema by trapping moisture and heat, leading to increased swelling.
    B. Reach the child to minimize body movement. Minimizing body movement is not appropriate as it can lead to muscle weakness and stiffness. Encouraging gentle movement and position changes is beneficial.
    C. Change the child's position frequently. Changing the child's position frequently helps prevent complications such as pressure ulcers and improves circulation, which can aid in reducing edema.
    D. Keep the head of the child's bed flat. Elevating the head of the bed can help reduce edema by promoting venous return and reducing fluid accumulation in dependent areas.

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