A nurse is assisting in the plan of care for a client who has hypernatremia. Which of the following IV solutions should the nurse plan to initiate?
25% albumin
Dextrose 10% in water
Dextrose 5% in water
Dextran 40
The Correct Answer is C
C. Dextrose 5% in water is a hypotonic solution that contains 5 grams of dextrose in each 100 mL of water. It provides free water without adding significant sodium, which helps to dilute the elevated sodium levels in hypernatremia. This solution is effective in correcting hypernatremia by promoting water movement from the intravascular space into the cells and extracellular space.
A. Albumin solutions are primarily used for volume expansion and to increase oncotic pressure in conditions like hypoalbuminemia or shock. They do not provide free water and are not typically used for treating hypernatremia.
B. Dextrose 10% in water is a hypertonic solution used primarily for providing calories and treating hypoglycemia. It does not correct hypernatremia because it does not significantly affect sodium levels or provide sufficient free water to dilute sodium.
D. Dextran 40 is a colloid solution that is used for volume expansion in hypovolemia or shock. It does not provide free water and is not indicated for correcting hypernatremia.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D,A,E,C,B
Explanation
The nurse should first stop the infusion (D) to prevent further infiltration of the vesicant solution. Next, the nurse should attach a syringe to the catheter (E) to prepare for aspiration.
Following this, the nurse should aspirate the solution from the catheter (C) to remove as much of the vesicant as possible. After aspiration, the nurse should disconnect the tubing from the catheter (A), ensuring that no additional vesicant is administered. Finally, the nurse should remove the IV catheter (B) to prevent any further exposure to the vesicant.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Cleansing the injection site is important to reduce the risk of infection.
B. Sterile gloves are not typically required for administering subcutaneous injections unless there is a specific indication, such as when dealing with a client who has a compromised immune system or if there is potential for exposure to bodily fluids.
C. Pinching the skin can help in creating a fold where the needle can be inserted. However, there is no standard recommendation on which hand should be used.
D. Subcutaneous injections are typically administered at a 45-degree or 90-degree angle to the client's skin, depending on the amount of subcutaneous tissue present.
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