A nurse is assisting in the plan of care for a client who has hypernatremia. Which of the following IV solutions should the nurse plan to initiate?

25% albumin

Dextrose 10% in water

Dextrose 5% in water

Dextran 40

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

C. Dextrose 5% in water is a hypotonic solution that contains 5 grams of dextrose in each 100 mL of water. It provides free water without adding significant sodium, which helps to dilute the elevated sodium levels in hypernatremia. This solution is effective in correcting hypernatremia by promoting water movement from the intravascular space into the cells and extracellular space.

A. Albumin solutions are primarily used for volume expansion and to increase oncotic pressure in conditions like hypoalbuminemia or shock. They do not provide free water and are not typically used for treating hypernatremia.

B. Dextrose 10% in water is a hypertonic solution used primarily for providing calories and treating hypoglycemia. It does not correct hypernatremia because it does not significantly affect sodium levels or provide sufficient free water to dilute sodium.

D. Dextran 40 is a colloid solution that is used for volume expansion in hypovolemia or shock. It does not provide free water and is not indicated for correcting hypernatremia.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. Numbness and tingling of the hands and feet can indicate peripheral neuropathy, a known adverse effect of nitrofurantoin. It's essential for the nurse to recognize and communicate the potential seriousness of these symptoms to the client.

A. Numbness and tingling are not typically related to hydration status. While adequate hydration is important for overall health, it does not directly prevent numbness and tingling caused by medication side effects.

B. Symptoms like urinary frequency, burning, and dysuria are common symptoms of a urinary tract infection, not indicators of the medication working.

C Numbness and tingling of the hands and feet can be indicative of peripheral neuropathy, which is a potential adverse reaction to nitrofurantoin. While not all cases are severe, it's crucial to assess the severity and duration of these symptoms and notify the healthcare provider.

A. Hypercalcemia B. Hyperkalemia C. Hypokalemia D. Hyponatremia

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B. It occurs when there is an abnormally high concentration of potassium in the bloodstream, typically above 5.0 mEq/L. Symptoms of hyperkalemia can include chest pain, palpitations, muscle weakness, and potentially life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias.

A. Hypercalcemia refers to elevated levels of calcium in the blood, not potassium.

C. Hypokalemia is the opposite condition where there is a lower-than-normal level of potassium in the blood.

D Hyponatremia refers to a low sodium level in the blood.

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A nurse is assisting in the plan of care for a client who has hypernatremia. Which of the following IV solutions should the nurse plan to initiate?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client who is taking nitrofurantoin for a urinary tract infection voices a concern to the clinic nurse about experiencing numbness and tingling of the hands and feet. Which of the following is an appropriate response by the nurse?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A 22-year-old dialysis patient presents to the ER with chest pain and palpitations. Laboratory tests reveal a Potassium (K+) level of 7.0 mEq/L. Which electrolyte imbalance is the patient suffering from?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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