A nurse is mentoring a new nurse who is learning to start IVs. The nurse tells the new nurse that in case the patient needs subsequent venipuncture sites, the best place to initially start an IV is the:
most appropriate distal vein on the nondominant arm.
most appropriate proximal vein available on either arm.
antecubital vein of the patient's nondominant arm.
antecubital vein of the patient's dominant arm.
The Correct Answer is A
A. Distal veins, such as those in the hand or forearm of the nondominant arm, are often preferred for initial IV placement. These veins are typically smaller but can be easier to access and cause less discomfort for the patient compared to more proximal veins.
B. Proximal veins, such as those in the upper arm (brachial or basilic veins), may be considered if distal veins are not accessible or suitable. However, proximal veins are larger and can be more difficult to cannulate, potentially causing more discomfort and increasing the risk of complications.
C. The antecubital veins, located in the bend of the elbow, are commonly used for venipuncture due to their accessibility and size. The antecubital vein of the nondominant arm is often preferred to minimize interference with the patient's daily activities and reduce the risk of complications associated with frequent use of the dominant arm.
D. While the antecubital vein of the dominant arm may also be accessible, it is generally recommended to preserve this area for procedures that require a higher level of dexterity and strength. Frequent venipuncture in the dominant arm can lead to discomfort and potential complications, such as phlebitis or thrombosis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
B When drawing medication from an ampule, especially if it's a solution that may contain particulate matter or to ensure sterility, using a filter needle is recommended. A filter needle has a membrane filter that prevents particles from being drawn into the syringe while allowing the medication to pass through.
A. Shaking a glass ampule is not recommended because it can lead to the introduction of glass particles or cause the solution to foam or become contaminated. Instead, gently flicking the ampule with a finger can help move any solution that may be adhering to the neck downward, but shaking should be avoided.
C. While wearing gloves is important for infection control, sterile gloves are not typically required for withdrawing medication from a single-dose glass ampule. Standard aseptic technique and hand hygiene are usually sufficient.
D. Ampules are designed to be opened by snapping the top away from the body to avoid potential injury from glass shards. The nurse should use a gauze pad or an ampule opener to break the ampule open safely, directing any breakage away from themselves and others.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
D. Muscle weakness is a hallmark sign of hypokalemia. Potassium is crucial for proper muscle contraction, and low levels can impair muscle function. This weakness can affect skeletal muscles (resulting in fatigue, cramps, or generalized weakness) as well as smooth muscles (contributing to constipation or other gastrointestinal symptoms).
A. Hypokalemia is not typically associated with hyperactive bowel sounds.
B. Cerebral edema is not typically associated with hypokalemia. Instead, cerebral edema can occur with conditions such as hyponatremia (low sodium levels) or other metabolic disturbances.
C. Hypokalemia is more commonly associated with hypotension (low blood pressure) rather than hypertension. Low potassium levels can affect vascular smooth muscle tone, potentially leading to vasodilation and hypotension.
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