A nurse is collecting data from an older adult client who is receiving ondansetron IV, has a history of diabetes mellitus and cardiac myopathy, and is receiving chemotherapy to treat cancer. For which of the following adverse effects of ondansetron should the nurse monitor? (Select all that apply)

D. Blurred vision is a known adverse effect of metoclopramide. It can occur due to its effects on the central nervous system, including potential effects on visual processing. Patients should be informed about this potential side effect, and vision should be monitored periodically.

A. Metoclopramide can cause drowsiness or sedation, especially at higher doses or in susceptible individuals. Monitoring for sedation is important to ensure patient safety and adjust dosing as needed.

B. Urinary retention: Although less common, metoclopramide has been associated with urinary retention. Patients should be monitored for signs and symptoms of urinary difficulty or retention, especially if they have pre-existing urinary issues.

C. Hypertension: Metoclopramide can occasionally lead to an increase in blood pressure, particularly in patients who are predisposed to hypertension or have other cardiovascular risk factors. Blood pressure monitoring is important during treatment.

A. Distal veins, such as those in the hand or forearm of the nondominant arm, are often preferred for initial IV placement. These veins are typically smaller but can be easier to access and cause less discomfort for the patient compared to more proximal veins.

B. Proximal veins, such as those in the upper arm (brachial or basilic veins), may be considered if distal veins are not accessible or suitable. However, proximal veins are larger and can be more difficult to cannulate, potentially causing more discomfort and increasing the risk of complications.

C. The antecubital veins, located in the bend of the elbow, are commonly used for venipuncture due to their accessibility and size. The antecubital vein of the nondominant arm is often preferred to minimize interference with the patient's daily activities and reduce the risk of complications associated with frequent use of the dominant arm.

D. While the antecubital vein of the dominant arm may also be accessible, it is generally recommended to preserve this area for procedures that require a higher level of dexterity and strength. Frequent venipuncture in the dominant arm can lead to discomfort and potential complications, such as phlebitis or thrombosis.